Recent modified air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction applications for medicines and organic compounds in various samples: A review

Azooz, Ebaa Adnan; Al-Wani, Huda Ssafaa Abdulwahhab; Gburi, Muna Shakir; Al-Muhanna, Estabraq Hassan Badder

doi:10.1515/chem-2022-0174

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The solution pH, ligand concentration, amount of Triton X-100, temperature and heating time and conditions of centrifugation, were all optimized to obtain the maximum separation efficiency. According to equation (1), recovery of extraction (R%) was used to measure the procedure efficiency [20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement cloud point extraction procedure for preconcentration of iron(III) in water and fruit samples prior to spectrophotometric determination

Azooz¹,

Shabaa²,

Al-Muhanna³

et al. 2022

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. For the enrichment of iron(III) prior to spectrophotometric determination, displacement cloud point extraction (D-CPE) technique was applied depending on the difference in stability constant of metal complexes. Zinc(II) as gallic acid complex was first separated into a Triton X-100 surfactant. Then, once the aqueous phase has been removed, the sample containing Fe(III) is added, and another CPE process is performed. Because Fe-GA has a higher stability than Zn-GA, Fe(III) can displace Zn(II) from the pre-extracted Zn-GA, allowing for Fe(III) separation from the complex sample matrix and its spontaneous spectrophotometric determination at 560 nm. The effects of pH, ligand, and surfactant quantities, temperature and heating time, centrifuge processes, and interferences were all studied. At the optimal conditions, the calibration graph was linear from 0.5 to 500 µg L-1 with enrichment factor of 75.0. The LOD was 0.15 µg L-1 and the RSD was 1.3% for 60 µg L-1 of Fe(III), n = 10. Accuracy was also evaluated using the standard reference substance (SRS) and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) approaches. This procedure was used for separation and micro-determination of Fe(III) in water and fruit tests (banana, strawberry, lemon, orange, and peaches) with recoveries ranged from 96.5 to 105%. KEY WORDS: Displacement cloud point extraction, Iron, Spectrophotometry, Fruit samples Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(1), 1-10. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i1.1

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement cloud point extraction procedure for preconcentration of iron(III) in water and fruit samples prior to spectrophotometric determination

Azooz¹,

Shabaa²,

Al-Muhanna³

et al. 2022

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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“…Cd (II) is a hazardous metal that has no biological rules, although it can accumulate in the kidneys and liver when exposed to it from any source. Many cadmium experts have used the CPE approach, which produces good, accurate, and sensitive results [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and Micro Determination of Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) in Food Samples Using Cloud Point Extraction method

Wannas

Azooz

Ridha

et al. 2023

Iraqi Journal of Science

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The cloud point extraction technique has become increasingly popular in recent years for trace metal separation and preconcentration. When heated to a specific temperature, cloud point extraction utilizes the property of nonionic surfactants in aqueous solutions to generate micelles and become turbid (so-called cloud point temperature). For analytical chemists, developing a simple and selective technology for the separation and determination of metals and medicinal drugs is a critical concern. Therefore, a sensitive, accurate, and green cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure was developed for the micro-determination of metal cations like zinc (II) and cadmium (II) in food samples. Triton X–114 and 1-(4-(Phenyldiazenyl) phenyl) azo naphthalene-2-ol (Sudan III) were used as extractants. Sudan III forms an ion-pair association complex with metal ions when the pH is 9. In the presence of 5 ppm zinc (II) or 4 ppm cadmium (II) in an aqueous solution, the maximum extraction efficiency should be achieved. In order to create Cloud Point Temperature (CPT) quantitatively, the extraction applications in this approach required heating at 85°C for 20 minutes. In this work, the impacts of different surfactants, pH, stoichiometry, and various organic reagents on interferences as well as spectrophotometric determination were explored. The linearity ranges of zinc (II) and cadmium (II) were 0.25-700 and 0.25-400 ppm, respectively. The results show low detection limits of 0.035 and 0.042 ppm for zinc (II) and cadmium (II), respectively. Also, the quantification limits for zinc (II) and cadmium (II) are 0.116 and 0.140 ppm, respectively.

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“…Many analytical methods have been employed for Hg(II) determination, such as inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry [20,21], and cold-vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy [22]. Currently, as inexpensive and rapid techniques for Hg(II) determination, methods such as colorimetry [23], fluorimetry [24], and cloud point extraction methods (AALLME-SFO and AALLME-DES) [25] are employed. In the present work, an azo dye derived from the diazonium salt of 4-iodoaniline and 8-hydroxy quinoline and its Pd(Ⅱ), Hg(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) complexes were synthesized and spectrally characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of a new azo quinoline ligand and its metal complexes with spectrophotometric determination and biological efficacy study of its Hg(II) complex

Radhi,

Ali,

Ali

2023

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. An azo quinoline ligand, (E)-2-((4-iodophenyl)diazenyl)-8-hydroxyquinoline (IPDHQ), was synthesized by the coupling reaction of 4-iodoaniline diazonium salt with 8-hydroxyquinoline. The synthesized ligand and its Cd(II), Pd(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) complexes were spectrally characterized by UV‒Vis spectrophotometry, FT-IR, mass spectral analysis, 1H-NMR, magnetic sensitivity and molar conductivity. The general formula of the Cd(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) complexes is [M(L)2].Cl2.H2O with octahedral geometry, while the general formula of the Pd(II) complex is [M(L).Cl2].H2O with square planer geometry. A simple and rapid spectrophotometric procedure was suggested for the determination of Hg(II) using the synthesized ligand as a spectrophotometric reagent. By measuring the absorbance for the resulting orange complex at 430 nm, the linearity range was 0.5-15 µg mL-1, and the interfering effect was also studied. The synthesized azo ligand and its Hg(Ⅱ) complex were tested for their biological activity against four bacterial strains. KEY WORDS: Azo quinoline ligand, 8-Hydroxy quinoline, 4-Iodoaniline, Azo metal complexes, Spectrophotometric determination, Biological efficacy study Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1459-1470. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.13

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Recent modified air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction applications for medicines and organic compounds in various samples: A review

Cited by 34 publications

References 76 publications

Displacement cloud point extraction procedure for preconcentration of iron(III) in water and fruit samples prior to spectrophotometric determination

Displacement cloud point extraction procedure for preconcentration of iron(III) in water and fruit samples prior to spectrophotometric determination

Separation and Micro Determination of Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) in Food Samples Using Cloud Point Extraction method

Synthesis and characterization of a new azo quinoline ligand and its metal complexes with spectrophotometric determination and biological efficacy study of its Hg(II) complex

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