Recent progress and perspectives in applications of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymers in biodevices at small scales

Abstract

Bioinspired materials have attracted attention in a wide range of fields. Among these materials, a polymer family containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), which has a zwitterionic phosphorylcholine headgroup inspired by the...

Toward nanofluidics‐based mass spectrometry for exploring the unknown complex and heterogeneous subcellular worlds

“…Nanofluidics is the study and application of fluids confined within nanostructures. [20][21][22][23][24]41 With the advancement of nanofab-rication over the past two decades, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]34,35 nanostructures with various nanofluidic geometries such as nanopipettes, nanotubes, nanopores, and nanochannels have been fabricated, resulting in diverse abilities and great potential for a variety of applications. In particular, the use of these nanofluidic geometries allows the precise handling of fluid samples with ultrasmall volumes ranging from picoliter to zeptoliter (10 −21 L, zl) order.…”

“…Toward this trend, a few attempts have been made recently, partially due to the previously accumulated experience in the development of mass spectrometry coupling with microfluidics, [36][37][38][39][40] which is a widely successful congener of nanofluidics. 5,7,17,27,[41][42][43][44] Hereafter, integrating nanofluidics into mass spectrometry would provide opportunities to build a new system for the analysis of complicated samples with ultrasmall volumes and high heterogeneities (Figure 2). Integration of nanofluidics will enhance the application and potential of mass spectrometry and pave the way toward advanced analyse, such as single vesicle analysis, single organelle analysis.…”

“…Toward this trend, a few attempts have been made recently, partially due to the previously accumulated experience in the development of mass spectrometry coupling with microfluidics, 36‐40 which is a widely successful congener of nanofluidics 5,7,17,27,41‐44 . Hereafter, integrating nanofluidics into mass spectrometry would provide opportunities to build a new system for the analysis of complicated samples with ultrasmall volumes and high heterogeneities (Figure 2).…”

Mitigation of Cellular and Bacterial Adhesion on Laser Modified Poly (2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine)/Polydimethylsiloxane Surface

“…The applications related to antifouling surfaces or tailored cell adhesion include zwitterionic surface modification [ 2 , 4 , 5 ]. Among the zwitterionic polymers, the highly hydrophilic and low toxic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer has been used for intravascular stents, artificial hearts, contact lenses, oxygenators, breast implants, and hip acetabular liners [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Besides its hydrophilicity, MPC can provide electrically neutral surfaces with great potential to exhibit long-term anti-biofouling properties-suppressed protein, cells and bacterial adhesion, due to the hydration layer formed on the coated surface as a result of the phosphorylcholine groups present in MPC structure [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

“…Among the zwitterionic polymers, the highly hydrophilic and low toxic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer has been used for intravascular stents, artificial hearts, contact lenses, oxygenators, breast implants, and hip acetabular liners [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Besides its hydrophilicity, MPC can provide electrically neutral surfaces with great potential to exhibit long-term anti-biofouling properties-suppressed protein, cells and bacterial adhesion, due to the hydration layer formed on the coated surface as a result of the phosphorylcholine groups present in MPC structure [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Moreover, a significant advantage is given by the ability of phosphorylcholine to induce bulk-like behaviour in the surrounding liquid environment and also to enhance the lubricant property of the material, improving its performance [ 12 ].…”