Recent Progress in Hybrid Biocomposites: Mechanical Properties, Water Absorption, and Flame Retardancy

Bahrami, Mohsen; Abenójar, J.; Martı́nez, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.3390/ma13225145

Cited by 73 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 305 publications

(246 reference statements)

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“…Materials 2021, 14, 6401 2 of 20 carbon fibers reinforced polymers [15,16,17,18]. Natural fibers are of interest since they can be extracted from renewable sources of animals, vegetable plants, and also minerals [19]. However, the most important disadvantage of FRPs is the difficulty of recycling them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other fibers, such as aramid, boron or basalt, are also being used for very specific applications, but their volumes are irrelevant compared to glass fibers or carbon fibers reinforced polymers [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Natural fibers are of interest since they can be extracted from renewable sources of animals, vegetable plants, and also minerals [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recycling: A Review of Recycling Methods and Reuse of Carbon Fibers

et al. 2021

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The rapid increase in the application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials represents a challenge to waste recycling. The circular economy approach coupled with the possibility of recovering carbon fibers from CFRP waste with similar properties to virgin carbon fibers at a much lower cost and with lower energy consumption motivate the study of CFRP recycling. Mechanical recycling methods allow the obtention of chopped composite materials, while both thermal and chemical recycling methods aim towards recovering carbon fibers. This review examines the three main recycling methods, their processes, and particularities, as well as the reuse of recycled carbon fibers in the manufacture of new composite materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recycling: A Review of Recycling Methods and Reuse of Carbon Fibers

et al. 2021

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“…Low moisture absorption is one of the critical features of PA11, which is caused by increasing the ratio of methylene to amide groups [ 18 ]. Moreover, due to the relatively low processing temperature of PA11 (approximately 185 °C), this polymer is widely used as a matrix in natural fiber-reinforced composites because of the low thermal stability of natural fibers [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Characterization of Hot-Pressed Polyamide 11 and 12: Mechanical, Thermal and Durability Properties

2021

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Chemically speaking, polyamide 11 (PA11) and polyamide 12 (PA12) have a similar backbone, differing only in one carbon. From an origin point of view, PA11 is considered a bioplastic polyamide composed from renewable resources, compared to oil-based PA12. Each of them has a number of advantages over the other, which makes their selection a challenging issue. Depending on the target application, diverse assessments and comparisons are needed to fulfill this mission. The current study addresses this research gap to characterize and compare PA11 and PA12 manufactured by the hot press technique in terms of their mechanical, thermal and durability properties for the first time, demonstrating their potential for future works as matrices in composite materials. In this regard, different characterization techniques are applied to the hot-pressed polymer sheets, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical performance of the PA11 and PA12 sheets is compared based on tensile tests and shore hardness measurement. The durability behavior of these two polyamides is evaluated in water and relative humidity conditions at different aging times. The experimental results show the ductile behavior of PA12 with respect to the quasi-brittle PA11. Both have a relatively small water and moisture gain: 1.5 wt% and 0.8 wt%, respectively. The higher crystallinity of PA12 (2.1 times more than PA11) with γ-phase is one of the leading parameters to achieve better mechanical and durability properties. The FTIR spectra displayed slight acid hydrolysis. Accordingly, absorbed water or moisture does not cause plasticization; thus, neither hardness nor dimension changes.

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“…e major disadvantage of biocomposites is their relatively poor fire resistance [30]. Materials of natural origin are all flammable.…”

Section: Flame Retardant Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocomposites Developed with Litchi Peel Based on Epoxy Resin: Mechanical Properties and Flame Retardant

Nguyen

2021

Journal of Chemistry

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Bio-based composites are reinforced polymeric materials, which include one or two bio-based components. Biocomposites have recently attracted great attention for applications ranging from home appliances to the automotive industry. The outstanding advantages are low cost, biodegradability, lightness, availability, and solving environmental problems. In recent days, biodegradable natural fibers are attracting a great deal of interest from researchers to work on and develop a new type of composite material for diverse applications. The objective of this work is to evaluate fire resistance and mechanical properties of epoxy polymer composites reinforced with lychee peel (Vietnam), at 10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt% mass%. The study showed that the mechanical properties and flame retardancy tended to increase in the presence of lychee peel reinforcement. In the combined ratios, 20 wt% lychee rind gave a limiting oxygen index of 21.5%, with a burning rate of 23.45 mm/min. In terms of mechanical strength, in which the Izod impact strength increased by 26.46%, the compressive strength increased by 25.20% and the tensile strength increased by 20.62%. The microscopic images (SEM images) show that the particle distribution is quite good and the adhesion and wetting compatibility on the two-phase interface of lychee peel-epoxy resin are strong.

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Recent Progress in Hybrid Biocomposites: Mechanical Properties, Water Absorption, and Flame Retardancy

Cited by 73 publications

References 305 publications

Recent Progress in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recycling: A Review of Recycling Methods and Reuse of Carbon Fibers

Recent Progress in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recycling: A Review of Recycling Methods and Reuse of Carbon Fibers

Comparative Characterization of Hot-Pressed Polyamide 11 and 12: Mechanical, Thermal and Durability Properties

Biocomposites Developed with Litchi Peel Based on Epoxy Resin: Mechanical Properties and Flame Retardant

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