Recent progress in organic redox flow batteries: Active materials, electrolytes and membranes

Chen, Hongning; Cong, Guangtao; Lu, Yi‐Chun

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2018.02.009

Cited by 217 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(332 reference statements)

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“…The electrolytes, which are made up of active materials, supporting electrolytes and additives, serve as important media to store and release energy . Thus, the properties of the electrolytes including the solubility, conductivity, and stability have significant effects on the performance and cycling stability of ZFBs.…”

Section: Advanced Materials For Zinc‐based Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

et al. 2019

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stability and efficiency of the electric grid to portable electronic devices as well as supplying backup power in districts with limited grid connectivity or in off-grid applications, [4][5][6][7] are an effective approach to address these issues.Among the numerous electrochemical energy storage techniques, flow batteries (FBs) are well suited for energy storage because of their perfect combination of high safety, high efficiency and flexibility. [8][9][10] A flow battery realizes the transformation of chemical energy into electric energy through the oxidation and reduction reactions of redox couples stored in electrolytes that typically circulate through the anode and cathode, which are normally separated by an ionconducting membrane. [11] Compared with other battery systems such as lithium-based batteries and lead-based batteries, the power of a flow battery is determined by the size and number of cell stacks, while the energy or capacity of the battery depends on the concentration and the volume of the redox couples in the electrolytes. [12] Hence, the power and energy or capacity of a flow battery can be designed independently, [13] allowing the power of a flow battery to range from the 100 kW to the 100 MW level and the energy of a flow battery to range from the 100 kWh to the 100 MWh level. [14] Normally, the electrolyte of a flow battery consists of an aqueous solution, which endows the technology with high safety and minimal potential risk of fire or explosion. These advantages of flow battery technologies make such devices very suitable for energy storage applications.As a representative flow battery technology, the vanadium flow battery (VFB) has long been considered as one of the most mature technologies and is currently at the commercial demonstration stage. [8,15] However, some limitations and challenges, e.g., the relatively high cost [16] and low energy density, still need to be overcome to realize its industrialization. Recently, tremendous efforts have been devoted to exploring and developing novel flow battery technologies with low costs and high energy densities, e.g., zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs), [17][18][19][20][21] polymer-based flow batteries, [22][23][24] and quinone-based flow batteries. [25][26][27][28] These newly developed flow battery technologies have demonstrated promise for energy storage applications, although most are still in development in the lab.Zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs) are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications because of their high energy density and low-cost advantages. Nevertheless, their wide application is still confronted with challenges, which are mainly from advanced materials. Therefore, research on advanced materials for ZFBs in terms of electrodes, membranes, and electrolytes as well as their chemistries are of the utmost importance. Herein, the focus is on the scientific understandings of the fundamental design of these advanced materials and their chemistries in relation to the battery performance. The principles of using different...

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Section: Advanced Materials For Zinc‐based Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

et al. 2019

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“…Existing flow batteries, however, are based on vanadium (V), which is toxic and costly. Therefore, the development of flow batteries that are cheap and eco-friendly is of vital importance ( Chen et al., 2018 ; García-Quismondo et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carboxymethyl cellulose-based polyelectrolyte as cationic exchange membrane for zinc-iodine batteries

Tangthuam

Pimoei

Mohamad

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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The aim of this research is an evaluation of polyelectrolytes. In the application of zinc-iodine batteries (ZIBs), polyelectrolytes have high stability, good cationic exchange properties and high ionic conductivity. Polyelectrolytes are also cost-effective. Important component of ZIBs are cation exchange membranes (CEMs). CEMs prevent the crossover of iodine and polyiodide from zinc (Zn) electrodes. However, available CEMs are costly and have limited ionic conductivity at room temperature. CEMs are low-cost, have high stability and good cationic exchange properties. Herein, polyelectrolyte membranes prepared from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are examined. It is seen that an increase in the ratio of PVA leads to enhanced ionic conductivity as well as increased iodine and polyiodide crossover. ZIBs using polyelectrolytes having 75:25 wt.% CMC/PVA and 50:50 wt.% CMC/PVA show decent performance and cycling stability. Due to their low-cost and other salient features, CMC/PVA polyelectrolytes prove they have the capacity for use as cation exchange separators in ZIBs.

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“…As the most critical component of the alkaline ZFBs, a membrane is utilized to isolate the anode and cathode while still transfer charge‐balancing ions to complete the current circuit . Thus, an ideal membrane should possess high selectivity, high ion conductivity, low cost, and high stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cost‐Effective Mixed Matrix Polyethylene Porous Membrane for Long‐Cycle High Power Density Alkaline Zinc‐Based Flow Batteries

Chang

Yin

Meng

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Alkaline zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs) have received considerable interest for renewable energy storage due to their attractive features of low cost and high energy density. However, a membrane with high stability, high selectivity, and high ion conductivity is in urgent need. Herein, an economical mixed matrix membrane with highly anti-alkali microporous hollow spheres (denoted as DM-HM) is developed in this work. With excellent chemical and mechanical stability, DM-HM can achieve a high area capacity of 100 mA h cm −2 for carbon felt (CF)||Zn@CF symmetrical flow battery, and thereby exhibits 500 stable cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 98.6% and an energy efficiency of 88.3% at 80 mA cm −2 for alkaline zinc-iron flow battery. Additionally, with 44 wt% of hollow spheres inside matrix, DM-HM can dramatically shorten the ion transport pathway and results in a very high power density battery. A kilowatt stack assembled with DM-HM shows a very impressive performance, further confirming the practicability of this scalable mixed matrix membrane for alkaline ZFBs.

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Recent progress in organic redox flow batteries: Active materials, electrolytes and membranes

Cited by 217 publications

References 192 publications

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

Carboxymethyl cellulose-based polyelectrolyte as cationic exchange membrane for zinc-iodine batteries

A Cost‐Effective Mixed Matrix Polyethylene Porous Membrane for Long‐Cycle High Power Density Alkaline Zinc‐Based Flow Batteries

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