Recent progress in pharmacokinetic applications of capillary electrophoresis

Abstract

This review is a continuation of the previous reviews (Electrophoresis 1999, 20, 3259-3268; Electrophoresis 2001, 22, 4244-4248) to update the recent publications from 2001 to 2003 on pharmacokinetic studies using capillary electrophoresis (CE). During this period of time, CE remains as a unique analytical method for some studies, which would otherwise be limited by many factors, such as the sample volume, detection sensitivity, or separation power. It is particularly noticeable that the separation of chiral drugs in biological sample and the use of solid-phase extraction (SPE) as a simple and convenient means of sample preparation appear to become popular for CE-based assays. The use of CE for assessing complete pharmacokinetic information, however, did not show a significant growth during this period of time. In order to provide a broad range of view on how biological samples are analyzed by CE, this review will cover publications during the past two years on the use of CE for the analysis of drugs in biological fluids for general pharmacokinetic applications including drug monitoring and bioavailability studies.

Electroosmotic flow suppression in capillary electrophoresis: Chemisorption of trimethoxy silane-modified polydimethylacrylamide

“…Along with advances in instrumentation and separation methodologies, a wide range of applications has been developed in many areas, including chemical, biotechnical, pharmaceutical, and environmental analysis [1,2]. In most CE applications it is necessary to control electroosmotic flow (EOF) to achieve optimal separation.…”

Identification and quantitation of cis-ketoconazole impurity by capillary zone electrophoresis–mass spectrometry

“…As indicated in a recent review [5], CE has emerged as a powerful analytical tool that can provide useful information on the chemical properties of drugs, impurities and metabolites [6,7]. One of the main characteristics of CE is its selectivity, which can be modified to achieve uniquely tailored separations in order to monitor very different drugs, impurities and/or metabolites.…”

Enantioselective analysis of pheniramine in urine by charged CD‐mediated CZE provided with a fiber‐based DAD and an on‐line sample pretreatment by capillary ITP

“…It is obvious that the sample preparation in situations like these should be carried out before the CE analysis (e.g., see ref. [1,2] and references therein).…”

“…Enantioselective determination of biologically active compounds by CE techniques tends to increase its significance in pharmaceutical and clinical research, e.g., in pharmacokinetic studies [1][2][3][4][5]. CDs are the most frequently used chiral selectors in these applications due to the simplicity and robustness of CD-based chiral separations [34].…”

“…Biological samples, especially, such as serum, plasma, and urine are used in pharmaceutical and clinical research [1][2][3][4][5] and contain, beside the analytes, a great variety of compounds as found in multicomponent matrices. These matrices include inorganic and organic constituents at (very) differing concentrations and these can overlap the analyte(s) peak(s) in CE due to migration and detection interferences (e.g., see ref.…”