Recent Progress in the Treatment of Leptospirosis

Gopi, Chandravadivelu; Sri, Chitikina Satya; Krupamai, Gudapati; Magesh, A Ramamoorthy; Dhanaraju, Magharla Dasaratha

doi:10.1007/s42399-021-00833-3

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In most cases, leptospirosis is characterized by mild clinical signs, which can improve spontaneously ( Haake and Levett, 2015 ; Chacko et al, 2021 ). The treatment procedures used for leptospirosis are directly related to the condition (severity) of the infection ( Wang et al, 2007 ; Monahan et al, 2009 ; Lucheis and Ferreira, 2011 ; Klaasen et al, 2014 ; Grassmann et al, 2017a ; Gopi et al, 2021 ). Normally, the administration of oral doxycycline is recommended for the treatment of mild leptospirosis.…”

Section: Current Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance with reported records, amoxicillin, ampicillin, azithromycin, doxycycline and tetracycline can also be used for the treatment of severe leptospirosis. It is recommended that children and pregnant women avoid the consumption of doxycycline ( Griffith et al, 2006 ; Jamal Khan et al, 2018 ; Gopi et al, 2021 ; Guzmán Pérez et al, 2021 ). Amoxicillin and azithromycin should be administered to children and pregnant women instead of doxycycline ( Haake and Levett, 2015 ; Karpagam and Ganesh, 2020 ; Chacko et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Current Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current treatment options for leptospirosis: a mini-review

Petakh,

Behzadi,

Oksenych

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Leptospirosis, one of the most common global zoonotic infections, significantly impacts global human health, infecting more than a million people and causing approximately 60,000 deaths annually. This mini-review explores effective treatment strategies for leptospirosis, considering its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current therapeutic approaches. Emphasis is placed on antibiotic therapy, including recommendations for mild and severe cases, as well as the role of probiotics in modulating the gut microbiota. Furthermore, novel treatment options, such as bacteriophages and newly synthesized/natural compounds, are discussed, and the findings are expected to provide insights into promising approaches for combating leptospirosis.

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Section: Current Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current treatment options for leptospirosis: a mini-review

Petakh,

Behzadi,

Oksenych

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…At the onset, the symptoms are often mild and go unnoticed, but are followed by an overwhelming relapse, causing drastic damage to the infected person in a short period [ 6 ]. More often, the symptoms of leptospirosis overlap with other common diseases such as jaundice, influenza, dengue, and Weil’s disease, and therefore, symptomatic diagnosis is inaccurate [ 7 ]; moreover, timely diagnosis is extremely difficult, ultimately leading to infection for an extended time. In turn, this delay in detection causes chronic conditions with damage to the kidney, liver, and meningitis, ultimately leading to death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Antimicrobial and Anti-Hemolytic Activity of Synthesized Pseudopeptide against Leptospiral Species: In Silico and In Vitro Approach

et al. 2023

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Bacterial infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare complications in patients. Leptospirosis is found to be the most prevalent, re-emergent, and neglected tropical zoonotic disease worldwide. The adaptation to various environmental conditions has made Leptospira acquire a large genome (~4.6 Mb) and a complex outer membrane, making it unique among bacteria that mimic the symptoms of jaundice and hemorrhage. Sph2 is another important virulence factor that enhances hemolytic sphingomyelinase—capable of moving inside mitochondria—which increases the ROS level and decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby leading to cell apoptosis. In the present study, 25 suspected bovine serum samples were subjected to the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) across the Mysuru region. Different samples, such as urine, serum, and aborted materials from the confirmed MAT-positive animals, were used for isolation and genomic detection by conventional PCR targeting virulence gene, Lipl32, using specific primers. Further, in vitro and in silico studies were performed on isolated cultures to assess the anti-leptospiral, anti-hemolytic, and sphingomyelinase enzyme inhibition using novel pseudopeptides. The microdilution technique (MDT) and dark field microscope (DFM) assays revealed that at a concentration of 62.5 μg/mL, the pseudopeptide inhibited 100% of the growth of Leptospira spp., suggesting its efficiency in the treatment of leptospirosis. The flow cytometry analyses show the potency of the pseudopeptide against sphingomyelinase enzymes using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Thus, the present study demonstrated the efficacy of the pseudopeptide in the inhibition of the growth of Leptospira, and therefore, this can be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of leptospirosis.

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