Recent progress in thermochemical techniques to produce hydrogen gas from biomass: A state of the art review

Pandey, Bhoopendra; Prajapati, Yogesh K.; Sheth, Pratik N.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.031

Cited by 201 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…where f (a) is the mechanism function equation, A is the preexponential factor (s −1 ), E is the activation energy (kJ/mol), and R is the universal gas constant (J/mol•K), a is the reaction conversion degree, t is the time (min) and T is the temperature (K). The value a is obtained by solving the following Equation (5).…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Analysis Technologies for Biomass Feedstocks: A State-of-the-Art Review

et al. 2021

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An effective analytical technique for biomass characterisation is inevitable for biomass utilisation in energy production. To improve biomass processing, various thermal conversion methods such as torrefaction, pyrolysis, combustion, hydrothermal liquefaction, and gasification have been widely used to improve biomass processing. Thermogravimetric analysers (TG) and gas chromatography (GC) are among the most fundamental analytical techniques utilised in biomass thermal analysis. Thus, GC and TG, in combination with MS, FTIR, or two-dimensional analysis, were used to examine the key parameters of biomass feedstock and increase the productivity of energy crops. We can also determine the optimal ratio for combining two separate biomass or coals during co-pyrolysis and co-gasification to achieve the best synergetic relationship. This review discusses thermochemical conversion processes such as torrefaction, combustion, hydrothermal liquefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification. Then, the thermochemical conversion of biomass using TG and GC is discussed in detail. The usual emphasis on the various applications of biomass or bacteria is also discussed in the comparison of the TG and GC. Finally, this study investigates the application of technologies for analysing the composition and developed gas from the thermochemical processing of biomass feedstocks.

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Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K), a is the reaction conversion degree, t is the time (min) and T is the temperature (K). The value a is obtained by solving the following Equation (5).…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Analysis Technologies for Biomass Feedstocks: A State-of-the-Art Review

et al. 2021

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“…20 Other types of "low cost" biomass to produce hydrogen include bio-waste, biogas, industrial organic waste, sewage sludge, biooil, and biochar; [21][22][23] and the usual hydrogen content in biomass is ∼5-7 wt%. 24 Currently, the two main routes to produce hydrogen from biomass are through the thermochemical and biochemical process ( Fig. 4).…”

Section: Making Hydrogen From Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 20 Other types of “low cost” biomass to produce hydrogen include bio-waste, biogas, industrial organic waste, sewage sludge, bio-oil, and biochar; 21 – 23 and the usual hydrogen content in biomass is ~5–7 wt%. 24 …”

Section: Technologies For Renewable Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable hydrogen for the chemical industry

Rambhujun

Salman

Wang

et al. 2020

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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“…meet the real demand for energy sources in the present scenario. Among them, biomass energy has attracted particular attention to researchers all over the world because of not only as a sustainable energy source but also as a major role in waste management [5] [6] [7] . Among different types of organic materials, which are usually biomass energy resources present in wastewater, urea is one of the major biomass energy resources because of its high energy content [10] [11] [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two dimensional Cu based nanocomposite materials for direct urea fuel cell

Hussain

Abdelkareem

Alawadhi

et al. 2021

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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In this work, Cu2O nanoparticles were successfully prepared onto the surface of twodimensional graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) by using a simple solution chemistry approach.An environment-friendly reducing agent, glucose, was used for the synthesis of Cu2O NPs onto the surface of g-C3N4 without using any surfactant or additives. The surface composition, crystalline structure, morphology, as well as other properties have been investigated using XPS, XRD, SEM, FTIR, FESEM, EDS, etc. The electrochemical measurements of the prepared materials demonstrated that Cu2O exhibited a weak oxidation activity towards urea, while g-C3N4 has no activity towards urea oxidation. The Cu2O supported on the surface of g-C3N4 (Cu2O-g-C3N4) demonstrated a significant activity towards urea oxidation that reached two times that of the unsupported one. The significant increase in the performance was related to the synergetic effect between the Cu2O and g-C3N4 support. The prepared composite materials demonstrated high stability towards urea oxidation as confirmed from the stable current discharge for around three hours without any noticeable degradation performance.

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Recent progress in thermochemical techniques to produce hydrogen gas from biomass: A state of the art review

Cited by 201 publications

References 223 publications

Thermal Analysis Technologies for Biomass Feedstocks: A State-of-the-Art Review

Thermal Analysis Technologies for Biomass Feedstocks: A State-of-the-Art Review

Renewable hydrogen for the chemical industry

Two dimensional Cu based nanocomposite materials for direct urea fuel cell

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