Recent trends in efficiency-stability improvement in perovskite solar cells

Comparison of NiOxthin film deposited by spin-coating or thermal evaporation for application as a hole transport layer of perovskite solar cells

“…Among these, the p-i-n planar device has been widely studied, due to advantages such as low cost, easy fabrication process, low temperature process, long-term stability and negligible hysteresis effects. [14][15][16][17][18] In the interest of improvement in the properties of PSCs, it is important to select the HTL material. From a high-stability point of view, p-type metal oxide with high durability is a suitable candidate for the HTL.…”

“…15,19 One of the most studied p-type metal oxides for HTL is nickel oxide (NiO x ), due to its abundance and chemically stable nature. 16 Moreover, NiO x compounds have large bandgap and a deep-lying valance band that cause favorable energy level alignment with the perovskite active layer. 14,16,20 NiO x can be synthesized by various kinds of methods, 14 such as solution process, 21,22 magnetron sputtering process, 23 pulsed laser deposition, 24 and electron-beam-evaporation.…”

“…16 Moreover, NiO x compounds have large bandgap and a deep-lying valance band that cause favorable energy level alignment with the perovskite active layer. 14,16,20 NiO x can be synthesized by various kinds of methods, 14 such as solution process, 21,22 magnetron sputtering process, 23 pulsed laser deposition, 24 and electron-beam-evaporation. 25 Among them, spin-coating, using NiO nanoparticles suspension, has been widely used, owing to its simplicity, and low cost.…”

Higher Order Recombination Rates Of Semiconductors

“…In 2009, the PCE recorded for perovskites was 3.8%, but climbed to 23.7% by 2018 [6]. The leaps in recorded PCE that have been seen in perovskites suggest that these materials warrant investigation, and the methods developed in this thesis for locating recombination rate constants will be applied to experimental data from perovskites in Chapter 4.…”

“…Figure 1.4 shows the improvements that have been made since the 1970s in the power conversion e ciencies (PCEs) of solar cells constructed out of di↵erent materials. The most common semiconductor utilized in solar cells is silicon [6], with an experimentally demonstrated e ciency record of 27.6% [5]. In recent years, promising solar energy research has been done on a class of materials known as perovskites.…”