Recent Trends in the Lemon Creek Glacier, Alaska

Marcus, Melvin G.; Chambers, Frederick B.; Miller, Maynard M.; Lang, Martin

doi:10.1080/02723646.1995.10642547

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Other error sources are discussed later in the ''Methods'' section. Many studies provide glaciological information about the Juneau Icefield (e.g., Miller, 1951Miller, , 1954Miller, , 1957Wu and Christensen, 1964;Miller and Anderson, 1974;Pelto, 1987;Pelto and Miller, 1990;Daellenbach and Welsch, 1993;Marcus et al, 1995;Nolan et al, 1995;Miller and Pelto, 1999;Caldwell, 2005). For example, a study of Lemon Creek Glacier reported an ice-margin retreat of 700 m, an area loss of 10.3%, and a glacier volume loss of 14.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Response of Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers to Climate

Criscitiello¹,

Kelly

Tremblay

2010

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Response of Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers to Climate

Criscitiello¹,

Kelly

Tremblay

2010

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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“…Direct measurements of mass balance in western North America have been conducted at a relatively small number of sites and for relatively short periods. Continuing measurements of glacier mass balance in the study region began at the Juneau Icefield with the establishment of annual net balance surveys at Taku Glacier in 1946and Lemon Creek Glacier in 1953(Pelto and Miller, 1990Marcus et al, 1995) In 1953, the US Geological Survey (USGS) began monitoring mass balance at South Cascade Glacier, Washington . Mass balance measurements were initiated at Blue Glacier in the Olympic Mountains, Washington, as part of the International Geophysical Year (1956)(1957) (LaChapelle, 1962).…”

Section: Variations In Glacier Mass Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Glacier change in western North America: influences on hydrology, geomorphic hazards and water quality

Moore

Fleming

Menounos

et al. 2008

Hydrological Processes

337

274

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Abstract:The glaciers of western Canada and the conterminous United States have dominantly retreated since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the nineteenth century, although average rates of retreat varied from strong in the first-half of the twentieth century, with glaciers stabilizing or even advancing until 1980, and then resuming consistent recession. This retreat has been accompanied by statistically detectable declines in late-summer streamflow from glacier-fed catchments over much of the study area, although there is some geographical variation: over recent decades, glaciers in northwest BC and southwest Yukon have lost mass dominantly by thinning with relatively low rates of terminal retreat, and glacier-fed streams in that region have experienced increasing flows. In many valleys, glacier retreat has produced geomorphic hazards, including outburst floods from moraine-dammed lakes, mass failures from oversteepened valley walls and debris flows generated on moraines. In addition to these hydrologic and geomorphic changes, evidence is presented that glacier retreat will result in higher stream temperatures, possibly transient increases in suspended sediment fluxes and concentrations, and changes in water chemistry. With climate projected to continue warming over the twenty-first century, current trends in hydrology, geomorphology and water quality should continue, with a range of implications for water resources availability and management and hydroecology, particularly for cool and cold-water species such as salmonids.

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“…In 1998 we measured the glacier to be 5.6 km long and with an area of 11.8 km 2 ( Fig. 3) (Marcus et al 1995). From the head of the glacier at 1300 m to the mean equilibrium line altitude (ELA) at 1050-1100 m the glacier flows northward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Balance Measurements on the Lemon Creek Glacier, Juneau Icefield, Alaska 1953-1998

Miller¹,

Pelto²

1999

Geografiska Annaler A

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Annual balance measurements on the Lemon Creek Glacier, Alaska conducted by the Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP) from 1953 through 1998 provide a continuous 46year record. This is one of the nine American glaciers selected in a global monitoring network during the International Geophysical year, 1957/58. These data have been acquired primarily by employing consistent ground methods, conducted on similar annual dates and calculated using comparable methodology. The results have been until now fairly precise, but of uncertain accuracy. An adjunct comparison of topographic surface maps of the glacier made in 1957 and 32 years later in 1989 provides a rough determination of glacier surface elevation changes which are clearly of less precision than the compilation of annual ground data. Airborne surface profiling in 1995, and global positioning system leveling transects in 1996-1998 update the record of surface elevation changes over the past decade. The mean glacier ice thickness reductions suggested by these methods from 1957-1989, from 1957-1995 and from 1957-1998 are -13.2 m, -16.4 m, and -21.7 m, respectively. It is of interest that the geodetic interpretations agree fairly well with the trend of sequential balances from ground-level stratigraphic measurements. To date, however, the infrequent mapping methods in this study have yielded specific balances averaging between 5 and 11% less than those resulting from our annual on-site glaciological monitoring. For future studies this can be an important factor. The ground data are, therefore, the ones in which we have most confidence. These show cumulative ice losses of -13.9 m (12.7 m water equivalent w.e.) from 1957-1989, of -19.0 m (-17.1 m w.e.) from 1957-1995, of -24.4 m (22 m w.e.) from 1957-1998, and -24.7 m (22.2 m w.e.) for the total cumulative loss over the full 46 years between 1953 and 1998. Although the balance trend has been increasingly negative it averages -0.48 m/a in w.e. or 0.52 m of ice loss per year.To refine the reliability of density determinations in this data set the effects of internal accumulation from refrozen meltwater producing diagenetic ice structures in the annual firnpack have been taken into account. An unusual dearth of such structures within the 1997/98 firnpack provided a unique opportunity to facilitate application of the probing technique over broad areas of the névé. This added to our ground truth and verified accuracy of the test-pit measurements used in these long-term mass balance computations.The glacier's continuing negative mass balance has fueled a terminal retreat of 800 m during the 1953-1998 period. The annual balance trend indicates that despite a higher mean elevation and a higher elevation terminus from thinning and retreat, mean annual balance has been strongly negative since 1977 (-0.78 m/a w.e.). Dramatically increased negative mass balances have occurred in the 1990s, with 1996 and 1997 being the only years on record with no retained accumulation since field observations were initiated in the glacier s...

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Recent Trends in the Lemon Creek Glacier, Alaska

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

The Response of Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers to Climate

The Response of Taku and Lemon Creek Glaciers to Climate

Glacier change in western North America: influences on hydrology, geomorphic hazards and water quality

Mass Balance Measurements on the Lemon Creek Glacier, Juneau Icefield, Alaska 1953-1998

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