Recent Updates in the Formulation Strategies to Enhance the Bioavailability of Drugs Administered via Intranasal Route

The buccal delivery is defined as the drug administration through the mucosal membranes lining the cheeks (buccal mucosa). The main impediment to the use of many hydrophilic macromolecular drugs as potential therapeutic agents is their inadequate and erratic oral absorption. Based on our current understanding of biochemical and physiological aspects of absorption and metabolism of many biotechnologically produced drugs, they cannot be delivered effectively through the conventional oral route. Because after oral administration many drugs are subjected to pre-systemic clearance extensive in the liver, which often leads to a lack of significant correlation between membrane permeability, absorption and bioavailability. Difficulties associated with the parenteral delivery and poor oral bioavailability provided the impetus for exploring alternative routes for the delivery of such drugs. This review covers the advantages, disadvantages of buccal delivery, drug and excipient selection especially bioadhesive polymers and permeation enhancers, and further a list of drugs developed as various dosage forms for buccal route of administration. Keywords: Buccal delivery, bioadhesive/mucoadhesive, permeation enhancer, dosage forms.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioadhesive polymers, permeation enhancers and types of dosage forms for buccal drug delivery

Samanthula¹,

Satla

Bairi³

2021

Novel Delivery System Used for Oral Bioavailability Enhancement of Poorly Water Soluble Drugs

Lakavath¹

2020

Majority of the drugs used for the treatment of various diseases are administered by oral route using conventional delivery. The major drawback of the oral administration is the poor bioavailability due to the poor water solubility, chemical stability and pre-systemic metabolism. Numerous researches are going on for the improvement of oral bioavailability of drugs using novel drug delivery systems as an alternative to conventional delivery systems. Majority of the novel delivery system includes; solid dispersion, sustained, controlled buccal, gastro retentive, nano carrier delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticles, and self-emulsifying systems. The oral bioavailability improvement by these delivery systems might be due to the increased particle size, improved dissolution and/or permeation and subsequently bioavailability of the drugs. In this review, we attempt to discuss the various novel delivery systems developed for the enhancement of oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble therapeutics. Keywords: Oral bioavailability, poor solubility, stability, metabolism, novel delivery systems, nano carriers.

Excipients, drug release mechanism and physicochemical characterization methods of Solid lipid nanoparticles

Matta

2021

From last thirty years, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) gain much importance as drug delivery vehicle for enhanced delivery of the drugs, proteins, nutraceuticals and cosmetics. SLNs defined as a submicron size range nanoparticle with below 1000 nm and are mainly composed of lipids and surfactants, capable of incorporating both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. SLNs also used as controlled systems, targeted delivery and altered therapeutic efficacy purpose. A wide variety of methods such as double emulsion, solvent evaporation, ultra sonication, high-pressure homogenization and microemulsion used for SLNs production. This review provides the significance of SLNs in drug delivery with highlighting on selection of excipients, drug release mechanism, principles and limitations associated with their physicochemical and surface morphological characterization. Keywords: Solid lipid nanoparticles, enhanced delivery, preparation, characterization, application.