Recent Updates on Radiation Therapy for Pediatric Optic Pathway Glioma

Kim, Nalee; Lim, Do Hoon

doi:10.14791/btrt.2022.0003

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Optic pathway gliomas are low-grade tumours that when treated have a very good prognosis with an overall survival at 10 years of over 90%. 17 Hence reducing the dose to normal tissues is important to minimise late effects. For these reasons, PBT has been used to treat young patients with low-grade gliomas with reports of good local control and overall survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is proton beam therapy always better than photon irradiation? Lessons from two cases

Li,

Yeo,

Gunewardena

et al. 2024

J of Medical Radiation Sci

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Proton beam therapy (PBT) is increasingly used to treat cancers, especially in the paediatric and adolescent and young adult (AYA) population. As PBT becomes more accessible, determining when PBT should be used instead of photon irradiation can be difficult. There is a need to balance patient, tumour and treatment factors when making this decision. Comparing the dosimetry between these two modalities plays an important role in this process. PBT can reduce low to intermediate doses to organs at risk (OAR), but photon irradiation has its dosimetric advantages. We present two cases with brain tumours, one paediatric and one AYA, in which treatment plan comparison between photons and protons showed dosimetric advantages of photon irradiation. The first case was an 18‐month‐old child diagnosed with posterior fossa ependymoma requiring adjuvant radiotherapy. Photon irradiation using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) had lower doses to the hippocampi but higher doses to the pituitary gland. The second case was a 21‐year‐old with an optic pathway glioma. There was better sparing of the critical optic structures and pituitary gland using fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy over PBT. The dosimetric advantages of photon irradiation over PBT have been demonstrated in these cases. This highlights the role of proton‐to‐photon comparative treatment planning to better understand which patients might benefit from photon irradiation versus PBT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optic pathway gliomas are low‐grade tumours that when treated have a very good prognosis with an overall survival at 10 years of over 90% 17 . Hence reducing the dose to normal tissues is important to minimise late effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is proton beam therapy always better than photon irradiation? Lessons from two cases

Li,

Yeo,

Gunewardena

et al. 2024

J of Medical Radiation Sci

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“…Due to the location of the OPG, radiation therapy seems to be a better approach than the surgical procedure to eliminate a tumor in the optic nerve. However, several radiation-induced side effects are detrimental (especially for patients with NF1), including visual disturbance (7-17% of patients who received radiation therapy), vasculopathy (higher incidence of vasculopathy in patients <5 years than those >5 years after radiation therapy, 12.5% vs. 3.8%), endocrine deficiency (growth hormone deficiency is the most frequent, 59%), neurocognitive impairment, and secondary malignancy [122].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuroimmune Regulation and Potential Therapeutic Strategies of Optic Pathway Glioma

Irshad,

Huang,

Rodriguez

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Optic pathway glioma (OPG) is one of the causes of pediatric visual impairment. Unfortunately, there is as yet no cure for such a disease. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and the potential therapeutic strategies may help to delay the progression of OPG and rescue the visual morbidities. Here, we provide an overview of preclinical OPG studies and the regulatory pathways controlling OPG pathophysiology. We next discuss the role of microenvironmental cells (neurons, T cells, and tumor-associated microglia and macrophages) in OPG development. Last, we provide insight into potential therapeutic strategies for treating OPG and promoting axon regeneration.

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“…The random-effects model was used for the analysis. The studies in the analysis were assumed to be a random sample from a universe of potential studies, and the research was used to infer that universe (10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Statistical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and sex disparities in Latin-American adults with gliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis

van′t Hek,

Ortiz-Herrera,

Salazar-Pigeon

et al. 2023

J Neurooncol

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Objective: This study aimed to identify if there are ethnic differences in the age and sex distribution of gliomas in the Latino adult population.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 recommendations. Databases used were MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus. Studies were included if they reported the age and/or sex distribution of gliomas in Latin adults, published in English or Spanish from January 1st, 1985, to December 1st, 2022. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle -Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and the NIH Quality Assessment Tool [1] Results: From 1,096 articles, fteen studies with information on 6,815 patients were selected for the systematic review, and thirteen were selected for the meta-analysis. The mean ages of diagnosis of glioma and glioblastoma were 50.9, 95\%\ CI [47.8 -53.9] years and 53.33 years, 95 \% CI [51-55.6],respectively. The male-to-female incidence rate ratio of gliomas was 1.39. Conclusion: Our study found mean ages of glioma and glioblastoma were 6 and 10 years lower than those reported in the CBTRUS. Our study suggests disparities in the age and sex distribution of gliomas in Latin America compared to other regions.

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Recent Updates on Radiation Therapy for Pediatric Optic Pathway Glioma

Cited by 11 publications

References 54 publications

Is proton beam therapy always better than photon irradiation? Lessons from two cases

Is proton beam therapy always better than photon irradiation? Lessons from two cases

The Neuroimmune Regulation and Potential Therapeutic Strategies of Optic Pathway Glioma

Age and sex disparities in Latin-American adults with gliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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