Recently Unusual Surgical Educational Case : A Real Giant Nodular Goiter

Management of a giant euthyroid goiter in limited resources settings: case report

“…4,5 Thyroid gland disorder is among the most common endocrine disorder and occurs globally with an incidence of geographical variation and histopathological pattern related to age, sex, nutrition and environment-related factors. 1,5,6 Various causes of goiter include defects in thyroid hormone synthesis, iodine deficiency, autoimmune disease, and nodular diseases. Endemic goiter is thought to be caused by TSH stimulation resulting from inadequate thyroid hormone and other paracrine growth factor synthesis.…”

“…This is particularly concerning when there is a substernal component to these lesions, because any sudden growth in gland size would occur within a confined space and could seriously compromise respiration. 2,5,6 However, these specific symptoms can also occur in malignant goiters. The risk of malignancy in dominant nodules within multi-nodular goiters is approximately 10%.…”