Receptor Binding Ligands to Image Infection

Chianelli, Marco; Boerman, Otto C.; Malviya, Gaurav; Galli, Filippo; Oyen, Wim J.G.

doi:10.2174/138161208786549416

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…These peptides bind to microbes and produce electrostatic and hydrophobic antimicrobial actions [47]. These peptides include human lactoferrin (hLF) [48], ubiquicidin 29-41 peptide fragment (UBI 29-41) [49], and human neutrophil peptide 1-3 (HNP 1-3) [50].…”

Section: Imaging Using Radiolabeled Antimicrobial Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging for Infection: From Visualization of Inflammation to Visualization of Microbes

Ady

Fong²

2014

Surgical Infections

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Background: With the development of high-resolution cross-sectional imaging, anatomic identification of most areas of infection has become routine. Imaging a site of infection allows for diagnosis and treatment. In the past, molecular imaging for infection involved mainly the use of radiolabeled leukocytes for functional targeting at infection sites. With the recent development of functional nuclear imaging, bacterial and viral metabolism can also be imaged directly for potential identification of early infection. Methods: Review of pertinent English-language literature. Results: Cross-sectional imaging is used routinely to identify and treat sources of infection in patients with fever, leukocytosis, or unexplained hemodynamic instability. Although ultrasound is preferred for the identification of biliary or hepatic sepsis, computed tomography (CT) has proved to be accurate for the identification and treatment of intra-abdominal fluid collections and abscesses. Biologic imaging is a non-invasive technique that identifies sites of infection in cases in which no definite abnormality is identified via cross-sectional imaging. This is made possible by imaging the accumulation of radioisotopes that have been attached to white blood cells or glucose. Biologic imaging is useful for the identification of anatomic sites where there is inflammation or high metabolic demand. However, a drawback of biologic imaging is that it is not specific for infection. Techniques that image microbes directly increase the specificity of imaging results significantly and can be used to quantify and track infectious processes. For example, radiolabeling of antimicrobial proteins and antibiotics is one technique that has been demonstrated to identify areas of infection accurately in animals but is not currently being used clinically in humans. With the advent of gene therapy, many researchers are inserting the herpes viral thymidine kinase gene into both viruses and bacteria. This allows for tracking of the infectious process by imaging the accumulation of radiolabeled thymidine analogues. Conclusion: This review summarizes standard imaging for infection as it is currently practiced clinically. We will also explore the promising new methods of microbial imaging that are likely to become standards in clinical care in the near future.

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Section: Imaging Using Radiolabeled Antimicrobial Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging for Infection: From Visualization of Inflammation to Visualization of Microbes

Ady

Fong²

2014

Surgical Infections

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“…Their expression is induced upon contact with microorganisms or microbial products such as lipopolysaccharides or proinflammatory cytokines. The basis of their antimicrobial activity is the direct interaction with the bacterial plasma membrane by electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction [17]. A range of human antimicrobial peptides, e.g., human lactoferrin (hLF), ubiquicidin 29-41 peptide fragment (UBI 29-41), human neutrophil peptide 1-3 (HNP 1-3), bacteriophage and synthetic peptides derived from these natural peptides have been investigated as radiopharmaceuticals for imaging of infections.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular imaging approach to image infections and inflammation by nuclear medicine techniques

2011

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Inflammatory and infectious diseases are a heterogeneous class of diseases that may be divided into infections, acute inflammation and chronic inflammation. Radiological imaging techniques have, with the exception of functional MRI, high sensitivity but lack in specificity. Nuclear medicine techniques, by contrast, allow the in vivo detection in humans of different physiologic and pathologic phenomena and offer noninvasive tools to detect early pathophysiological changes before anatomical changes occur. In this review, we highlight the role of nuclear medicine in inflammation/infection with emphasis on molecular imaging for in vivo histological characterization of affected tissues for diagnostic purposes and follow-up of therapies. We also describe the clinical indications of all available radiopharmaceuticals in the light of the newly available guidelines.

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“…Their expression is induced upon contact with microorganisms, and they act by direct interaction with the bacterial plasma membrane by electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction. This results in either disruption of membranes, interfering with metabolism, or the targeting of cytoplasmic components [50]. Several human antimicrobial peptides have been labelled and investigated for imaging infections.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationale for the use of radiolabelled peptides in diagnosis and therapy

Koopmans

Glaudemans

2012

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Nuclear medicine techniques are becoming more important in imaging oncological and infectious diseases. For metabolic imaging of these diseases, antibody and peptide imaging are currently used. In recent years peptide imaging has become important, therefore the rationale for the use of peptide imaging is described in this article. Criteria for a successful peptide tracer are a high target specificity, a high binding affinity, a long metabolic stability and a high target-to-background ratio. Tracer internalization is also beneficial. For oncological imaging, many tracers are available, most originating from regulatory peptides, but penetrating peptides are also being developed. Peptides for imaging inflammatory and infectious diseases include regulatory peptides, antimicrobial peptides and others. In conclusion, for the imaging of oncological, imflammatory and infectious diseases, many promising peptides are being developed. The ideal peptide probe is characterized by rapid and specific target localization and binding with a high tumour-to-background ratio.

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Receptor Binding Ligands to Image Infection

Cited by 24 publications

References 59 publications

Imaging for Infection: From Visualization of Inflammation to Visualization of Microbes

Imaging for Infection: From Visualization of Inflammation to Visualization of Microbes

The molecular imaging approach to image infections and inflammation by nuclear medicine techniques

Rationale for the use of radiolabelled peptides in diagnosis and therapy

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