“…Ever since the Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) has formed the Central Government in 2014, India has witnessed the rise of Hindu nationalism, peppered with anti‐Muslim rhetoric (Ansari & Chambers, 2022; Rahman, 2020). Under the two electoral terms of the BJP Government, India has transformed into a right‐wing nation state, which is not very accommodating of its minorities, particularly Muslims (Kaur, 2020), who are the largest minority group and constitute 14% of the overall population (Allarahamali, 2022). Muslims are likely to face surveillance, police action, and report lower confidence in the police (Hakeem et al, 2012).…”