Recombinant immunoblot assay reaction patterns and hepatitis C virus RNA in blood donors and non‐A, non‐B hepatitis patients

Bresters, Dorine; Zaaijer, Hans L.; Cuypers, H. T. M.; Reesink, H. W.; Winkel, I.N.; Exel-Oehlers, P.J.; Drimmelen, A.A.J. van; Jansen, Plm; Poel, C.L. van der; Lelie, P. N.

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1993.33893342743.x

Cited by 50 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…4,19 Variant HCV, chance, false-positive RIBA-3 results or improper serum storage are possible explanations for this poor correlation. 19,20 Specimens collection and transportation followed standardized procedures according to the study protocol. Sera were frozen under proper conditions in our repository and minimal manipulation has occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in the general population of northwest Tanzania.

Tess

Levin²,

Brubaker³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Sera from 516 participants enrolled in a population-based cross-sectional study in northwest Tanzania were tested for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV). The mean age of study subjects was 29 years (range ϭ 16-49 years); 43% were men, 6% reported a history of blood transfusion, and 4% were infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Although 53 of 516 sera (10.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] ϭ 7.8-13.2%) were repeatedly reactive by a third-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA-3), only 6 of the 53 were positive when tested with a thirdgeneration recombinant immunoblot assay (confirmed HCV seroprevalence ϭ 1.2%, 95% CI ϭ 0.4-2.5%). The positive predictive value of the HCV EIA-3 in this population was 18.8% (95% CI ϭ 7.0-36.4%). False positivity was not correlated with EIA-3 optical density values, age, sex, infection with HIV-1, or a history of blood transfusion, but it was marginally associated with increased serum IgG levels. We conclude that the prevalence of HCV is low in this region and that the HCV EIA-3 has a higher false-positivity rate in this population than has been reported among U.S. blood donors.Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major etiologic agent of post-transfusional hepatitis worldwide 1 and may also be an important cause of community acquired non-A, non-B hepatitis in certain parts of Africa. 2,3 Infection with HCV is usually asymptomatic, but may result in chronic hepatitis with progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. 4,5 Assays for the detection of antibodies against HCV proteins were developed soon after the viral genome was cloned in 1989. 6 An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) represented an important advance in reducing HCV transmission through blood transfusion. Supplemental tests for detecting antibodies to HCV, such as the recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA), have been developed to confirm reactivity detected by the EIA. 7 Studies of volunteer blood donors and general populations have shown considerable geographic variation in HCV seroprevalence:8 0.5-1.5% in western Europe, northern Europe, North America, and Australia; 1.5-2.5% in Japan and the Mediterranean region; and as high as 14% in Egypt. In sub-Saharan Africa, data on the prevalence of HCV are limited and the extent of HCV infection remains unknown in most countries. In this study, we estimated the seroprevalence of HCV in a population-based cross-sectional study in northwest Tanzania. METHODSDuring 1989 and 1990, a population-based study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in northwest Tanzania. The protocol for this study was approved by the appropriate review committees of the Tanzanian Ministry of Health and the National Cancer Institute. The study methods have been described elsewhere. 9 Briefly, the target population consisted of people living in rural, peri-urban (mainly subsistence farmers and their families), and urban areas (commercial workers). Subjects 15-49 years of age were randomly selected from household rosters supplied by the local governmen...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in the general population of northwest Tanzania.

Tess

Levin²,

Brubaker³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Die Zahl der unbestimmten (indeterminate) Ergebnisse steigt dagegen deutlich mit der GPT. Dies bedeutet, daß bei starker GPT-Erhöhung auch ein unbestimmtes RIBA-Ergebnis ein Hinweis auf eine echte Infektion sein könnte [10]. Die Bestätigungsrate (der Anteil der RIBA-positiven an den wiederholt EIA-reaktiven) hängt sehr deutlich von der GPT ab: Sie beträgt 11% bei normaler GPT, 60% bei mäßig erhöhter GPT und 73% bei stark erhöhter GPT.…”

Section: Materials Und Methodenunclassified

Effekt von Vorspendenergebnissen und vertraulichem Selbstausschluß auf Prävalenz und Inzidenz von HCV bei Blutspendern des DRK-Blutspendedienstes Nordrhein-Westfalen

Caspari¹,

Fiedler²,

Hornstein³

et al. 1999

Transfus Med Hemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To estimate the remaining risk of HCV transmission from recently infected blood donors and to determine the association of elevated ALT levels and confidential self-exclusion with the marker anti-HCV. Blood Donors and Methods: Between June 22, 1994, and November 11, 1995, 130,476 blood donors donated 294,927 units of whole blood in the Institute Breitscheid of the German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of North Rhine-Westphalia; 23,281 were first-time donors. ALT testing was done with an Olympus AU 560 analyzer at 37 °C. Results were corrected with a lot-specific factor to obtain international units that would be measured at 25 °C. Results: 0.32% of first-time donors were repeatably reactive (rr) in the Ortho III anti-HCV enzyme immunoassay (EIA), however only 0.10% were also positive in the RIBA-2. Surprisingly, as many as 0.11% of repeat donors were also EIA-rr and 0.02 (n = 24) were RIBA-positive, but in only two a seroconversion could be demonstrated. EIA-rr results could frequently be confirmed by RIBA when the serum ALT was elevated. If the level of ALT was normal, confirmation was rare. Among the 585 donors who had chosen confidential self-exclusion, neither in the index donation nor in a subsequent donation (n = 374) specific markers for HCV or HIV were found. No seroconversion for HBsAg was observed. Donors who had chosen confidential self exclusion were much more likely to choose confidential self-exclusion on subsequent donations as well. Conclusions:The remaining risk of HCV infection from a recently infected donor is, in our donor population, less than 1 in 100,000 donations. It is likely to be further reduced by ALT testing. A benefit of confidential self-exclusion could not be demonstrated.

show abstract

“…Although an immunoblot indeter minate result in blood donors was strongly associated with the absence of circulating HCV RNA, some samples have been shown by others [8,9,19,25,26] to be infectious and should be excluded from blood donation. In our study, such profile was found in 3/15 PCR-positive sera: 2 were indeter minate (core antigen) in the 3 tests, 1 was indeterminate (NS3 antigen) with 2 assays but positive with Riba 3 assay (NS3, NS4 antigens).…”

Section: Hcv Core Igm In Blood Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EIA; however, the interpretation of indeterminate serology remains a problem [5,8]. More recently, third-generation EIAs became available, which detect in addition NS5 anti bodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first-generation EIAs, based on a 'nonstructural' vi ral antigen showed moderate sensitivity and specificity, par ticularly in low-risk populations such as volunteer blood do nors [4][5][6][7], The introduction of structural and additional nonstructural antigens in second-generation EIAs improved the sensitivity of detection [7,8] although the question of specificity remains open [7,9,10]. Supplemental immuno blot assays were shown to predict HCV infection better than KARGER.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

HCV-lnfection in Blood Donors: Association between Anti-HCV Core IgM Antibodies and Serum HCV RNA

Ounanian-Paraz¹,

Morel-Baccard²,

Barlet³

et al. 1996

Vox Sanguinis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Among 47 blood donors tested positive with HCV EIA 2.0 Abbott, 27 (57.4%) also reacted with four ‘third-generation’ EIAs. The presence of anti-HCV antibodies was confirmed with 3 different immunoblot assays in 16 of 27 sera (34.0%) while 10 samples (21.3%) had indeterminate profile with antibodies usually directed against structural core antigen. Anti-HCV core IgM response was found in 12 of 47 sera (25.5%) and HCV viremia detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure was observed in 15 samples (31.9%). A comparative study of the different markers confirmed a good correlation between a strong antibody response in EIAs and immunoblot assays and the presence of HCV RNA in the serum; only 2 immunoblot indeterminate samples were PCR positive. An association was observed between IgM antibodies against ‘core’ epitopes and HCV RNA carriage: all IgM-positive sera were found positive by PCR. However, the direct detection of viral genome remains the best method for identifying HCV carriers in the blood donor population.

show abstract

Recombinant immunoblot assay reaction patterns and hepatitis C virus RNA in blood donors and non‐A, non‐B hepatitis patients

Cited by 50 publications

References 30 publications

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in the general population of northwest Tanzania.

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in the general population of northwest Tanzania.

Effekt von Vorspendenergebnissen und vertraulichem Selbstausschluß auf Prävalenz und Inzidenz von HCV bei Blutspendern des DRK-Blutspendedienstes Nordrhein-Westfalen

HCV-lnfection in Blood Donors: Association between Anti-HCV Core IgM Antibodies and Serum HCV RNA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About