Reconnaissance On Chi-Square Test Procedure For Determining Two Species Association

A Note Concerning Equipotent Digraph Homomorphism Sets

“…Simple examples of functors are the identity functor (which makes the assignments for every in and for every ( )) and the forgetful functor (which assigns to every group in its underlying set in and to each homomorphism ( ) the set map ( ) -i.e., forgets the group structure going from to ). It can be determined by inspection that these functors satisfy the required properties given above by items (3) and (4). It is also straightforward to see that if and are functors, then their composition is also a functor.…”

“…Because of its generality, category theory has found application in recent years in such diverse areas as physics (e.g., [1][2][3][4]), design specification (e.g., [5,6]), data fusion (e.g., [7]), computer science (e.g., [8]), computer security (e.g., [9,10]), systems engineering (e.g., [11]), manufacturing (e.g., [12]), theoretical biology (e.g., [13]), and artificial intelligence (e.g., [14]). Of special interest here is the recent application of category theory by Haruna and Gunji (HG) to theoretical biology [15,16].…”