Reconstructing an extreme flood from boulder transport and rainfall–runoff modelling: Wadi Isla, South Sinai, Egypt

Kehew, Alan E.; Milewski, A.; Soliman, Farouk

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2009.11.008

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Some palaeohydrological reconstructions of floods were listed by Kehew et al . (). The flood generating the gravel channels in the Kumtagh Desert is comparable with the Elm Greek River flood that occurred in 1972, in Texas, USA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Inverted relief landforms in the Kumtagh Desert of northwestern China: a mechanism to estimate wind erosion rates

Wang

Lai

2015

Geol. J.

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Although commonly found in deserts, our knowledge about inverted relief landforms is very limited. The so‐called ‘Gravel Body’ in the northern Kumtagh Desert is an example of an inverted relief landform created by the exhumation of a former fluvial gravel channel. The common occurrence of these landforms indicates that fluvial processes played an important role in shaping the Kumtagh Desert in the past 151 ka. A physical model is presented to reconstruct the palaeohydrology of these fluvial channels in terms of several measurable parameters including terrain slope, boulder size, and channel width. Combining the calculated palaeoflood depth, the maximal depth of channel bed eroded by wind, and the current height of inverted channels with the age of the aeolian sediments covered by gravels, the local wind erosion rate is estimated to be 0.21–0.28 mm/year. It is shown that wind erosion occurring in the Kumtagh Desert is no more severe than in adjacent regions. Since the modern Martian environment is very similar to that of hyperarid deserts on Earth, and Mars was once subjected to fluvial processes, this study will be helpful for understanding the origin of analogous Martian surface landforms and their causative processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The drag coefficient C d , the conversion factor k , and Manning coefficient n were sourced from Kehew et al . () and Benner et al . ().…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverted relief landforms in the Kumtagh Desert of northwestern China: a mechanism to estimate wind erosion rates

Wang

Lai

2015

Geol. J.

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“…This fundamental result, being transmitted to the South Sinai wadis, may help to understand the aggradation dynamics of the described, very thick and mostly finegrained sediments. Kehew et al (2010) reconstructed discharge values in Wadi Isla (Southern Sinai, Figure 1) on the basis of the transport of large boulders of 2 m diameter present in the lower reaches of the wadi. They yield discharges of l,600 m^ s~^ and velocities of 6.8-7.3 m s~\ indicating a corresponding storm precipitation range of 100-125 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eolian and fluvial sedimentation in the southwestern Sinai Mountains, Egypt: a record of flash floods during the late Pleistocene

et al. 2012

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Wadis emerging from the southwestern Sinai Mountains (Egypt) westwards to the Guif of Suez are fiiied by >40 m thici< iate Pielstocene sediments, which have been subsequently incised to bedrock after the Last Giaciai Maximum (LGM). Sedimentation and erosion resuited from changes in the basin's hydroiogical conditions caused by climate variations. Sediment characteristics indicate distinct processes ranging from high to low energy flow regimes. Airborne material is important as a sediment source. The fills are associated with alluvial fans at wadi mouths at the mountain fronts. Each alluvial fan is associated and physically correlated with the respective sediment fill in its contributing wadi. The alluvial fans have steep gradients and are only a few kilometers long or wide. The alluvial fans converge as they emerge from the adjacent vaiieys. According to optically stimuiated iuminescence dating, the initial sediment has an age of ~45 ka and the sedimentation ends ~19 ka, i.e., happened mainly during marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and early MIS 2 formation and initial incision sometime during LGM.As the delivery of sediments in such a hyper-arid environment is by extreme floods, this study indicates an interval of intense fluvial activity, probably related to increased frequency of extreme floods in Southern Sinai. This potentially indicates a paleoclimatic change in this hyper-arid environment.

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“…Historically, flood extremes caused the most frequent and devastating forms of disasters (Zolina et al, 2004;Herget and Meurs, 2010;Kehew et al, 2010;Diodato and Bellocchi, 2012;Naidu et al, 2012;Tramblay et al, 2012). Flood disasters in the middle Yellow River were constantly caused by backwater effects due to the multiple river stream confluence effects (Qian, 1992;Yu and Lin, 1996;Wang, 2004;He et al, 2006He et al, , 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…River banks are frequently breached after heavy rains, leading to catastrophic floods which are regularly responsible for heavy loss of life and economic damage in the area (Cunnane, 1988;Burn, 1990Burn, , 1997Bobee et al, 1996;Jain and Lall, 2000;Jun-Haeng et al, 2001;McKillop and Clague, 2007;Greenbaum et al, 2010;Herget and Meurs, 2010;Kehew et al, 2010). The operation of Sanmenxia Reservoir is regarded as a key contributor to severe silting and backwater refluxing (Qian, 1992;Yu and Lin, 1996;Wang, 2004;He et al, 2006He et al, , 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confluent flow impacts of flood extremes in the middle Yellow River

Tian

et al. 2015

Quaternary International

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Reconstructing an extreme flood from boulder transport and rainfall–runoff modelling: Wadi Isla, South Sinai, Egypt

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Inverted relief landforms in the Kumtagh Desert of northwestern China: a mechanism to estimate wind erosion rates

Inverted relief landforms in the Kumtagh Desert of northwestern China: a mechanism to estimate wind erosion rates

Eolian and fluvial sedimentation in the southwestern Sinai Mountains, Egypt: a record of flash floods during the late Pleistocene

Confluent flow impacts of flood extremes in the middle Yellow River

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