Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions

Michalak, A. M.; Anderson, Eric J.; Beletsky, Dmitry; Boland, Steven; Bosch, Nathan S.; Bridgeman, Thomas B.; Chaffin, Justin D.; Cho, Kyunghwa; Confesor, Remegio; Daloğlu, Irem; DePinto, Jospeh; Evans, Mary Anne; Fahnenstiel, Gary L.; He, Lizhong; Ho, Jeff C.; Jenkins, Liza K.; Johengen, Thomas H.; Kuo, Kevin C; LaPorte, Elizabeth; Liu, Xiaojian; McWilliams, Michael; Moore, Michael R.; Posselt, Derek J.; Richards, R. Peter; Scavia, Donald; Steiner, Allison L.; Verhamme, Ed; Wright, David; Zagorski, Melissa A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1216006110

Cited by 1,212 publications

(835 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This observation has major implications for solving some serious eutrophication problems now occurring in the Midwest and in the Laurentian Great Lakes, particularly in western Lake Erie (Michalak et al, 2013). The design numbers in this paper are solid and are based on many wetland years of data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the ecosystem services of created wetlands: Two decades of plant succession, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration in experimental riverine marshes

Mitsch

Zhang

Waletzko

et al. 2014

Ecological Engineering

105

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the ecosystem services of created wetlands: Two decades of plant succession, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration in experimental riverine marshes

Mitsch

Zhang

Waletzko

et al. 2014

Ecological Engineering

105

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“…Although recent studies warn that cyanobacterial blooms may benefit from global warming (Jö hnk et al, 2008;Paerl and Huisman, 2008;Kosten et al, 2012;Michalak et al, 2013), their possible response to rising CO 2 levels remains less clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of inorganic carbon uptake systems causes variation in CO2 response of the cyanobacterium Microcystis

et al. 2013

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Rising CO 2 levels may act as an important selective factor on the CO 2 -concentrating mechanism (CCM) of cyanobacteria. We investigated genetic diversity in the CCM of Microcystis aeruginosa, a species producing harmful cyanobacterial blooms in many lakes worldwide. All 20 investigated Microcystis strains contained complete genes for two CO 2 uptake systems, the ATP-dependent bicarbonate uptake system BCT1 and several carbonic anhydrases (CAs). However, 12 strains lacked either the high-flux bicarbonate transporter BicA or the high-affinity bicarbonate transporter SbtA. Both genes, bicA and sbtA, were located on the same operon, and the expression of this operon is most likely regulated by an additional LysR-type transcriptional regulator (CcmR2). Strains with only a small bicA fragment clustered together in the phylogenetic tree of sbtAB, and the bicA fragments were similar in strains isolated from different continents. This indicates that a common ancestor may first have lost most of its bicA gene and subsequently spread over the world. Growth experiments showed that strains with sbtA performed better at low inorganic carbon (C i ) conditions, whereas strains with bicA performed better at high C i conditions. This offers an alternative explanation of previous competition experiments, as our results reveal that the competition at low CO 2 levels was won by a specialist with only sbtA, whereas a generalist with both bicA and sbtA won at high CO 2 levels. Hence, genetic and phenotypic variation in C i uptake systems provide Microcystis with the potential for microevolutionary adaptation to changing CO 2 conditions, with a selective advantage for bicA-containing strains in a high-CO 2 world.

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“…The increasing frequency and severity of cyanobacterial blooms is of critical concern both with regards to maintaining ecosystem health as well as ensuring safe and equitable provision of water (Paerl and Huisman, 2009;Paerl and Paul, 2012;Sinha et al, 2012;Michalak et al, 2013). The occurrence of a cyanobacterial bloom is both an indicator of and a contributor to the declining quality of these aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial communities reflect temporal changes in cyanobacterial composition in a shallow ephemeral freshwater lake

et al. 2015

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The frequency of freshwater cyanobacterial blooms is at risk of increasing as a consequence of climate change and eutrophication of waterways. It is increasingly apparent that abiotic data are insufficient to explain variability within the cyanobacterial community, with biotic factors such as heterotrophic bacterioplankton, viruses and protists emerging as critical drivers. During the Australian summer of 2012-2013, a bloom that occurred in a shallow ephemeral lake over a 6-month period was comprised of 22 distinct cyanobacteria, including Microcystis, Dolichospermum, Oscillatoria and Sphaerospermopsis. Cyanobacterial cell densities, bacterial community composition and abiotic parameters were assessed over this period. Alpha-diversity indices and multivariate analysis were successful at differentiating three distinct bloom phases and the contribution of abiotic parameters to each. Network analysis, assessing correlations between biotic and abiotic variables, reproduced these phases and assessed the relative importance of both abiotic and biotic factors. Variables possessing elevated betweeness centrality included temperature, sodium and operational taxonomic units belonging to the phyla Verrucomicrobia, Planctomyces, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Species-specific associations between cyanobacteria and bacterioplankton, including the free-living Actinobacteria acI, Bacteroidetes, Betaproteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, were also identified. We concluded that changes in the abundance and nature of freshwater cyanobacteria are associated with changes in the diversity and composition of lake bacterioplankton. Given this, an increase in the frequency of cyanobacteria blooms has the potential to alter nutrient cycling and contribute to long-term functional perturbation of freshwater systems.

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Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions

Cited by 1,212 publications

References 34 publications

Validation of the ecosystem services of created wetlands: Two decades of plant succession, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration in experimental riverine marshes

Validation of the ecosystem services of created wetlands: Two decades of plant succession, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration in experimental riverine marshes

Genetic diversity of inorganic carbon uptake systems causes variation in CO2 response of the cyanobacterium Microcystis

Microbial communities reflect temporal changes in cyanobacterial composition in a shallow ephemeral freshwater lake

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