Recovery of visual-spatial learning and memory in chronic alcoholics

Leber, Wiliam R.; Jenkins, Robert L.; Parsons, Oscar A.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198101)37:1<192::aid-jclp2270370140>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 60 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Sullivan Leber, Jenkins, & Parsons, 1981;Mann, Gunther, Stetter, & Ackermann, 1999;Pitel et al, 2009;Rosenbloom et al, 2004;Rourke & Grant, 1999;Yohman, Parsons, & Leber, 1985) (for reviews, see Oscar-Berman et al, 2014;Pitel, Eustache, & Beaunieux, 2014). Remaining to be established are parameters of recovery, including length of sobriety, age at alcoholism initiation, age at testing, style of drinking, concomitant nutritional deficiencies and non-alcohol drug use, sex, physiological, ethnic, and genetic characteristics of alcoholics (Stavro et al, 2013).…”

Section: Recovery Of Component Processes Of Memory Functions With Alcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions to Understanding the Neuropsychology of Alcoholism: An INS Legacy

Sullivan

2017

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been a major cause of family, social, and personal strife for centuries, with current prevalence estimates of 14% for 12-month and 29% lifetime AUD. Neuropsychological testing of selective cognitive, sensory, and motor functions complemented with in vivo brain imaging has enabled tracking the consequences of AUD, which follows a dynamic course of development, maintenance, and recovery or relapse. Controlled studies of alcoholism reviewed herein provide evidence for disruption of selective functions involving executive, visuospatial, mnemonic, emotional, and attentional processes, response inhibition, prosody, and postural stability and brain systems supporting these functions. On a hopeful front, longitudinal study provides convincing evidence for improvement in brain structure and function following sustained sobriety. These discoveries have a strong legacy in the International Neuropsychological Society (INS), starting from its early days when assumptions regarding which brain regions were disrupted relied solely on patterns of functional sparing and impairment deduced from testing. This review is based on the symposium presentation delivered at the 2017 annual North American meeting of the INS in celebration of the 50th anniversary since its institution in 1967. In the spirit of the meeting's theme, "Binding the Past and Present," the lecture and this review recognized the past by focusing on early, rigorous neuropsychological studies of alcoholism and their influence on research currently conducted using imaging methods enabling hypothesis testing of brain substrates of observed functional deficits. (JINS, 2017, 23, 843-859)

show abstract

Section: Recovery Of Component Processes Of Memory Functions With Alcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions to Understanding the Neuropsychology of Alcoholism: An INS Legacy

Sullivan

2017

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Algunos estudios (cfr. Yohman y Parsons, 1985) constatan este déficit, pero otros no consiguen replicar estos hallazgos (Brandt, Butters, Ryan y Bayog, 1983;Riege, Tomaszewewski, Lanto y Metter, 1984), o los encuentran solamente durante las primeras semanas de abstinencia (Leber, Jenkins y Parsons, 1981).…”

Section: Memoria Visualunclassified

Alteraciones neuropsicológicas en el alcoholismo: una revisión sobre la afectación de la memoria y las funciones ejecutivas

Landa¹,

Fernández‐Montalvo

Ustárroz

2004

Adicciones

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

El estudio de los déficit neuropsicológicos en los sujetos alcohólicos ha cobrado una especial relevancia en las últimas décadas. Esto se debe fundamentalmente a sus implicaciones en aspectos tan importantes como son el pronóstico terapéu-tico y el diseño de estrategias adecuadas de intervención. Este artículo presenta una revisión de los principales estudios sobre la afectación de la memoria y de las funciones ejecutivas en alcohólicos. Los resultados, aunque con ciertas discrepancias, sugieren la existencia de una alteración en la capacidad mnésica, que afecta sobre todo a la memoria de trabajo y a estrategias de aprendizaje. Asimismo se constata la presencia de un déficit en las funciones ejecutivas en los sujetos alcohólicos. Por otro lado, se valora la posibilidad de que esté déficit en las funciones ejecutivas actúe como un factor de vulnerabilidad a desarrollar alcoholismo. Palabras clave: Alcoholismo. Déficit neuropsicológicos. Memoria de trabajo. Funciones ejecutivas. Vulnerabilidad. ABSTRACTResearch into neuropsychological deficit in alcoholics has acquired a special prominence in the last decade. This is due to its importance for both the therapeutic outcome and the therapeutic design. A review of the main studies on memory impairments and on executive cognitive functioning in alcoholics is presented in this article. Results show a disturbance in the memory, especially in the working memory and in the learning strategies, although there are some discrepancies. In addition, data supporting the existence of a dysexecutive syndrome in alcoholics have been reported. Lastly, the influence of the executive cognitive function as a vulnerability factor in developing alcoholism is analysed.

show abstract

“…Investigators have widely reported that ventricular and sulcal enlargement documented in alcoholics with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can similarly ameliorate with abstinence, suggesting a brain structural basis for the neuropsychological deficits (Pfefferbaum et al, 1995(Pfefferbaum et al, , 1998. Despite documented improvements with long-term abstinence (Leber et al, 1981;Reed et al, 1992), most alcoholics demonstrate mild to moderate deficits in verbal, abstracting/problem-solving, learning/memory, and perceptual motor functions for extended periods after detoxification (Parsons, 1993). These deficits may represent either largely irreversible neurocognitive consequences of drinking or antecedents of alcohol abuse.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%