Recurrent Massive Hemoptysis due to Postbronchotomy Bronchial Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report

Abstract

Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare clinical entity. A case of intrapulmonary BAA associated with previous bronchotomy at the same site is described. A 22-year-old woman, who had undergone bronchotomy of the intermediate bronchus for the removal of a foreign body four years previously, presented with recurrent hemoptysis. Because of an increased risk for spinal cord ischemia, she immediately underwent lung resection rather than therapeutic embolization. The incidental finding of a BAA of any cause cannot be assumed to be stable, and immediate management should be undertaken regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms.

A Rare Case of Ruptured Bronchial Artery Pseudoaneurysm and Its Nonsurgical Management With Interventional Techniques

“…Some cases of superior venacava syndrome [10] are also reported, noted after the compression of the large vessel. Rupture into the mediastinum can mimic aortic dissection [6,8]. In our case, the patient presented with right-sided hemothorax and hypovolemic shock likely due to the rupture of the aneurysm into the pleural cavity.…”

“…Although the cause of a primary bronchial aneurysm is largely unknown, it is associated with atherosclerosis, inflammatory lung diseases, bronchiectasis, bronchitis, and systemic vascular abnormalities like Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome [6]. A pseudoaneurysm is an organized collection of thrombus contained by subsequent fibrosis of the thrombus or by surrounding structures.…”

“…Although initially thoracic malignancy was suspected, further workup revealed a bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm. Urgent intervention is proposed in such cases [6]. The patient was successfully treated with a coil embolization followed by a permanent glue embolization.…”

Giant mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm mimicking mediastinal mass: A case report and brief review of the literature

“…Mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm can be misdiagnosed as mediastinal soft tissue mass on imaging. There are several cases reported in the literature [ 2 , 6 , 11 , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] ]. Mediastinal lesions can be further stratified based on the location: anterior, middle, posterior and superior.…”

Percutaneous Embolization for Ruptured Ectopic Bronchial Artery Aneurysm

“… 1 – 3 The clinical presentation of a BAA, which depends on its size, location, and the presence of concomitant disease, can range from an incidental imaging finding to hemoptysis and shock caused by aneurysm rupture. 1 , 4 , 5 Correct diagnosis of this condition may be delayed because of its rarity and nonspecific presentation. In addition, it can be easily misdiagnosed as cardiovascular diseases, which accounts for approximately 30% of all death.…”