Recurrent myocardial infarction associated with cocaine abuse in a young man with normal coronary arteries: Evidence for coronary artery spasm culminating in thrombosis

Zimmerman, Franklin H.; Gustafson, Gregory; Kemp, Harvey G.

doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(87)80256-5

Cited by 167 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Second, cocaine might induce severe myocardial ischaemia resulting in cardiogenic shock. Ischaemia may result from coronary thrombosis, epicardial vasospasm or microvascular vasoconstriction (Zimmerman et al, 1987;Rezkalla et al, 1990;Beckman et al, 1991;Isner & Chokshi, 1991). Although a moderate generalized narrowing of epicardial vessels was seen, no focal epicardial vasospasm or coronary thrombosis was observed in the present study.…”

Section: Systemic Haemodynamicscontrasting

confidence: 52%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cocaine‐induced microvascular vasoconstriction but differential systemic haemodynamic responses in Yucatan versus Yorkshire varieties of swine

Lin¹,

Núñez²,

Susulic³

et al. 1996

British J Pharmacology

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Section: Systemic Haemodynamicscontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Epicardial vasospasm, coronary thrombosis and direct myocardial toxicity have been proposed as precipitating events in cocainemediated death (Isner & Chokshi, 1991;Rezkalla et al, 1990;Zimmerman et al, 1987). However, in experimental animals cocaine administration has been associated with a wide spectrum of systemic responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine‐induced microvascular vasoconstriction but differential systemic haemodynamic responses in Yucatan versus Yorkshire varieties of swine

Lin¹,

Núñez²,

Susulic³

et al. 1996

British J Pharmacology

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“…16,17 While focal coronary vasospasm has been postulated as a primary cause of cocaine-induced MI, it has been angiographically documented in only 2 patients with normal coronary arteries. 18,19 Damaged endothelium at the site of Reviews continued focal arterial constriction may serve as a nidus for platelet adhesion and resultant coronary thrombosis. 20 Cocaine causes the release of norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve terminals which has been shown to cause diffuse coronary vasoconstriction of normal human epicardial coronaries both in vitro and in vivo.…”

Section: Myocardial Ischemia and Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine and the Heart

Maraj

Figueredo

Morris

2010

Clinical Cardiology

116

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The use of cocaine may be associated with either acute or chronic toxicity, and approximately 5% to 10% of emergency department visits in the United States are believed to be secondary to cocaine usage. Chest pain is the most common cocaine‐related medical problem, leading to the evaluation of approximately 64 000 patients annually for possible myocardial infarction, of which approximately 57% are admitted to the hospital, resulting in an annual cost greater than $83 million. There is a plethora of cocaine‐related cardiovascular complications, including acute myocardial ischemia and infarction, arrhythmias, sudden death, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, aortic ruptures, and endocarditis. There is no evidence to suggest that preexisting vascular disease is a prerequisite for the development of a cocaine‐related cardiovascular event, although it may be a potentiating factor, as may be nicotine and alcohol. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…The resulting increase in tissue demands adds an insult to the injury. Zimmerman et al 34 described a young 29-year-old man with normal coronary arteries who developed coronary spasm and a coronary thrombus following cocaine use, emphasizing the sequence of events that may culminate in myocardial infarction.…”

Section: Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%