Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

Blostein, Freida; Levin-Sparenberg, Elizabeth; Wagner, R; Foxman, Betsy

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.08.010

Cited by 138 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (rVVC) is defined by the occurrence of four or more episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis per year 34‐36 . Across the world, approximately 5‐9% of women report such infections per year, although there are few data from Africa 34 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Amona

Denning

Moukassa

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Background The Republic of Congo (RoC) is characterised by a high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, which largely drive the epidemiology of serious fungal infections. Objective We aimed to estimate the current burden of serious fungal infections in RoC. Material and Methods Using local, regional or global data and estimates of population and at‐risk population groups, deterministic modelling was employed to estimate national incidence or prevalence of the most serious fungal infections. Results Our study revealed that about 5.4% of the Congolese population (283 450) suffer from serious fungal infections yearly. The incidence of cryptococcal meningitis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients was estimated at 560, 830 and 120 cases per year. Oral and oesophageal candidiasis collectively affects 12 320 HIV‐infected patients. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, 67% post‐tuberculosis, probably has a prevalence of 3420. Fungal asthma (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and severe asthma with fungal sensitisation) probably has a prevalence of 3640 and 4800, although some overlap due to disease definition is likely. The estimated prevalence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and tinea capitis is 85 440 and 178 400 respectively. Mostly related to agricultural activity, fungal keratitis affects an estimated 700 Congolese yearly. Conclusion These data underline the urgent need for an intensified awareness towards Congolese physicians to fungal infections and for increased efforts to improve diagnosis and management of fungal infections in the RoC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Amona

Denning

Moukassa

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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“…Nevertheless, no influence of probiotic administration was observed on continuing clinical or mycological cure rate (3 month post-treatment evaluation). In addition to this, one of the main and unsolved topics related to the VVC treatment is the extraordinary proportion of reappearances even after the use antifungal (azoles) treatment [182,183], a fact that might be due to augmented presence of azole-drug resistance [184]. For these cases of azole-resistance, it has been proven the effectiveness-protecting role of specific Lactobacillus species, an example of this is L. plantarum P17630 [184].…”

Section: Probiotics In Non-pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing the Composition of Vaginal Microbiota: Inclusion of Nutrition and Probiotic Factors in the Maintenance of Eubiosis

et al. 2020

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The vaginal microbiota has importance in preserving vaginal health and defending the host against disease. The advent of new molecular techniques and computer science has allowed researchers to discover microbial composition in depth and associate the structure of vaginal microbial communities. There is a consensus that vaginal flora is grouped into a restricted number of communities, although the structure of the community is constantly changing. Certain Community-State Types (CSTs) are more associated with poor reproductive outcomes and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) meanwhile, CSTs dominated by Lactobacillus species—particularly Lactobacillus crispatus—are more related to vaginal health. In this work, we have reviewed how modifiable and non-modifiable factors may affect normal vaginal microbiota homeostasis—including sexual behavior, race or ethnicity, and hygiene. Special interest has been given to how the use of probiotics, diet intake, and use of hormone replacement therapies (HRTs) can potentially impact vaginal microbiota composition.

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“…For instance, healthy mice are generally resistant to C. albicans colonization in the gut, but this resistance is lost upon broad‐spectrum antibiotics treatment (Fan et al, ). RVVC, a common condition affecting a large number of women (Blostein, Levin‐Sparenberg, Wagner, & Foxman, ), has been linked to antibiotics usage (Leegaard, ; Spinillo, Capuzzo, Acciano, De Santolo, & Zara, ; Xu et al, ). It is believed that antibiotics lead to the depletion of protective lactobacilli generally found in the vaginal microbiota (Ravel et al, ) and a change in the vaginal pH that collectively permit yeast overgrowth.…”

Section: What Influences the Mycobiome Composition?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The mammalian mycobiome: A complex system in a dynamic relationship with the host

Lai

Tan

Pavelka

2018

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease

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Mammalian barrier surfaces are densely populated by symbiont fungi in much the same way the former are colonized by symbiont bacteria. The fungal microbiota, otherwise known as the mycobiota, is increasingly recognized as a critical player in the maintenance of health and homeostasis of the host. Here we discuss the impact of the mycobiota on host physiology and disease, the factors influencing mycobiota composition, and the current technologies used for identifying symbiont fungal species. Understanding the tripartite interactions among the host, mycobiota, and other members of the microbiota, will help to guide the development of novel prevention and therapeutic strategies for a variety of human diseases. This article is categorized under: Physiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and Disease Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Genetic/Genomic Methods Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Organismal Models

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Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

Cited by 138 publications

References 56 publications

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Reviewing the Composition of Vaginal Microbiota: Inclusion of Nutrition and Probiotic Factors in the Maintenance of Eubiosis

The mammalian mycobiome: A complex system in a dynamic relationship with the host

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