Recycling and optimizing waste lab glass with Bi2O3 nanoparticles to use as a transparent shield for photons

Sayyed, M.I.; Alrashedi, M. F.; Almuqrin, Aljawhara H.; Elsafi, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.113

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The Linear-attenuation factor can be defined as the probability of photons interaction through certain thickness of sample and experimentally estimated by knowing Area with an absorber (A) and Area without an absorber (A 0 ) values using the following relation 34 – 36 : where, is the layer thickness or height of the present epoxy sample. Also, the transmission factor (TF) which defines as the percentage of the intensity of gamma ray photon in the pretense and the absence of the epoxy sample ( ) and must be evaluated by the next equation 37 – 39 : …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting red clay with Bi2O3 nanoparticles into epoxy resin for gamma-ray shielding applications

Elsafi

Almuqrin

Almutairi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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We developed new composites for photons shielding applications. The composite were prepared with epoxy resin, red clay and bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3 NPs). In order to establish which ratio of red clay to Bi2O3 NPs provides the best shielding capabilities, several different ratios of red clay to Bi2O3 NPs were tested. The transmission factor (TF) was calculated for two different thicknesses of each sample. From the TF data, we found that epoxy resin materials have a high attenuation capacity at low energy. For ERB-10 sample (40%Epoxy + 50% Red clay + 10% Bi2O3 NPs), the TF values are 52.3% and 14.3% for thicknesses of 0.5 and 1.5 cm (at 0.06 MeV). The composite which contains the maximum amount of Bi2O3 nanoparticles (40%Epoxy + 50% Red clay + 10% Bi2O3 NPs, coded as ERB-30) has lower TF than the other composites. The TF data demonstrated that ERB-30 is capable of producing more effective attenuation from gamma rays. We also determined the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) for the prepared composites and we found that the LAC increases for a given energy in proportion to the Bi2O3 NPs ratio. For the ERB-0 (free Bi2O3 NPs), the LAC at 0.662 MeV is 0.143 cm−1, and it increases to 0.805 cm−1 when 10% of Bi2O3 NPs is added to the epoxy resin composite. The half value layer (HVL) results showed that the thickness necessary to shield that photons to its half intensity can be significantly lowered by increasing the weight fraction of the Bi2O3 NPs in the epoxy resin composite from 0 to 30%. The HVL for ERB-20 and ERB-30 were compared with other materials such as (Epoxy as a matrix material and Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO and ZrO2 as filler oxides in the matrix at 0.662 MeV. The HVL values for ERB-20 and ERB-30 are 4.385 and 3.988 cm and this is lower than all the selected epoxy polymers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting red clay with Bi2O3 nanoparticles into epoxy resin for gamma-ray shielding applications

Elsafi

Almuqrin

Almutairi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Electrons resulting from the interaction of photons with the detector accumulate to give different peaks. Wach peak corresponds to a different energy; these peaks depend on the intensity of the incident photon, the more the intensity of the photon increases the area of this peak and vice versa [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Gamma-ray Shielding Performance of CuO-CdO-Bi2O3 Bentonite Ceramics

et al. 2022

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The purpose of this research is to identify the radiation shielding capability of ceramics adding CuO, CdO, and Bi2O3 with diverse wt (%). The chemical compositions of the raw ceramics were documented through Energy Dispersive X-ray “EDX” techniques. For aesthetic appeal and solidification, CuO has been chosen to be added to ceramic. Moreover, in the interest of increasing the radiation shielding ability, the high atomic number and density of both CdO and Bi2O3 were suggested for the raw ceramics. To obtain the morphological features of the prepared ceramic samples, a Scanning Electron Microscope, or SEM, was utilized. To verify the experimental results, the MCA value obtained from the Phy-X software was compared to the experimental value collected from the HPGe detector. At energies 0.06 MeV, 0.662 MeV, 1.173 MeV, and 1.333 MeV the linear and mass attenuation coefficients of the prepared ceramics have been measured using a high purity germanium “HPGe” detector as well as three different point sources. Moreover, the relationship between ln(I) and the thickness of the ceramics has been presented here, and the comparison between the LAC of the prepared ceramics with other materials has also been displayed. Bentonite ceramic containing CuO (15 mol %)-CdO (15 mol %)-Bi2O3 (20 mol %) with density 3.6 showed the lowest HVL, MFP, and TVL at all studied energies, yet pure Bentonite ceramic containing only CuO (50 mol %), having density 3.4, presented the greatest values. Hence, it can be concluded that the addition of CdO and Bi2O3 enhances the radiation shielding ability.

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“…The attenuation properties of the present artificial marble samples were determined experimentally by using an HPGe detector with a resolution of 1.92 at 1.333 MeV and relative efficiency of 24%. Point sources were used covering the energy range, as Americium-241 gives a line of 0.060 MeV, Cesium-137 gives a line of 0.662 MeV, while Cobalt-60 gives two lines of energy of 1.173 and 1.333 MeV [ 28 ]. The absorbed sample was placed between the source and the detector at an appropriate distance that was calibrated, as shown in Figure 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developed a New Radiation Shielding Absorber Composed of Waste Marble, Polyester, PbCO3, and CdO to Reduce Waste Marble Considering Environmental Safety

et al. 2022

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The usage of radiation is mandatory for modern life; in the same manner, controlling the outflow of harmful radiation is vital and could be achieved via employing a shielding material to eliminate any potential nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents. Considering this point, this study aims to manufacture composite samples based on waste marble as novel radiation shields. The physical and radiation shielding ability of the prepared shields were determined and analyzed. For this purpose, a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector was used to detect the incoming photons emitted from three point sources (Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60). The radiation attenuation factors for the new marble-based composites were measured for some energies, ranging from 0.06 to 1.333 MeV. We examined the effect of increasing the PbCO3 and CdO contents on the physical properties and radiation attenuation factors of the newly developed radiation shielding absorber. We found that the density of the samples increases from 1.784 to 1.796 g/cm3 when the CdO changes from 0 to 12.5 wt%. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) for all marble compositions has the maximum value at 0.06 MeV, while the LAC decreases with increasing energy. The highest LAC was found for Marb-3, with a composition of waste marble (50 wt%), polyester (25 wt%), PbCO3 (17.5 wt%), and CdO (7.5 wt%). We studied the impact of the addition of CdO on the expense of PbCO3 and we found that the half value layer (HVL) decreases with increasing the CdO content. Hence, when there is no space problem, the newly developed radiation shielding absorber can be used to maintain the cost effectiveness and environmentally friendliness of products.

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Recycling and optimizing waste lab glass with Bi2O3 nanoparticles to use as a transparent shield for photons

Cited by 47 publications

References 36 publications

Grafting red clay with Bi2O3 nanoparticles into epoxy resin for gamma-ray shielding applications

Grafting red clay with Bi2O3 nanoparticles into epoxy resin for gamma-ray shielding applications

Investigation of the Gamma-ray Shielding Performance of CuO-CdO-Bi2O3 Bentonite Ceramics

Developed a New Radiation Shielding Absorber Composed of Waste Marble, Polyester, PbCO3, and CdO to Reduce Waste Marble Considering Environmental Safety

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