Recycling Chocolate Aluminum Wrapping Foil as to Create Electrochemical Metal Strip Electrodes

Hamzah, Hairul Hisham; Saleh, Nur Hidayah; Patel, Bhavik Anil; Mahat, Mohd Muzamir; Shafiee, Saiful Arifin; Sönmez, Turgut

doi:10.3390/molecules26010021

Cited by 6 publications

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“…The Bode plot can also be used to study and support the data obtained from the Nyquist plot. 31,32 Thus, to further study the electrochemical behaviors for each type of electrodes, EIS measurements were conducted in a 100 mM [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3−/4− solution and then compared with the bare GC and control electrodes. Figure 8A,B shows the Nyquist and Bode plots for the bare GC, control, and AuNPmodified GC electrodes.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Supporting Background Electrolytes on the Nanostructure Morphologies and Electrochemical Behaviors of Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles on Glassy Carbon Electrode Surfaces

et al. 2021

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Electrodeposition is an electrochemical method employed to deposit stable and robust gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on electrode surfaces for creating chemically modified electrodes (CMEs). The use of several electrodeposition techniques with different experimental parameters allow in obtaining various surface morphologies of AuNPs deposited on the electrode surface. By considering the electrodeposition of AuNPs in various background electrolytes could play an important strategy in finding the most suitable formation of the electrodeposited AuNP films on the electrode surface. This is because different electrode roughnesses can have different effects on the electrochemical activities of the modified electrodes. Thus, in this study, the electrodeposition of AuNPs onto the glassy carbon (GC) electrode surfaces in various aqueous neutral and acidic electrolytes was achieved by using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique with no adjustable CV parameters. Then, surface morphologies and electrochemical activities of the electrodeposited AuNPs were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), CV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The obtained SEM and 3D-AFM images show that AuNPs deposited at the GC electrode prepared in NaNO3 solution form a significantly better, uniform, and homogeneous electrodeposited AuNP film on the GC electrode surface with nanoparticle sizes ranging from ∼36 to 60 nm. Meanwhile, from the electrochemical performances of the AuNP-modified GC electrodes, characterized by using a mixture of ferricyanide and ferrocyanide ions [Fe(CN6)3–/4–], there is no significant difference observed in the case of charge-transfer resistances (R ct) and heterogeneous electron-transfer rate constants (k o), although there are differences in the surface morphologies of the electrodeposited AuNP films. Remarkably, the R ct values of the AuNP-modified GC electrodes are lower than those of the bare GC electrode by 18-fold, as the R ct values were found to be ∼6 Ω (p < 0.001, n = 3). This has resulted in obtaining k o values of AuNP-modified GC electrodes between the magnitude of 10–2 and 10–3 cm s–1, giving a faster electron-transfer rate than that of the bare GC electrode (10–4 cm s–1). This study confirms that using an appropriate supporting background electrolyte plays a critical role in preparing electrodeposited AuNP films. This approach could lead to nanostructures with a more densely, uniformly, and homogeneously electrodeposited AuNP film on the electrode surfaces, albeit utilizing an easy and simple preparation method.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the Bode plot consists of the phase angle ( θ ) versus log frequency (Hz) (Figure B). The Bode plot can also be used to study and support the data obtained from the Nyquist plot. , …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%