Recycling of waste plastics to liquid fuel mixture over composite zeolites catalysts

Abstract

Plastic waste production and consumption is increasing at an alarming rate with the increase of the human population, rapid economic growth, continuous urbanization, and changes in lifestyle. In addition, the short life span of plastic accelerates the production of plastic waste on a daily basis. Plastic waste recycling is carried out in different ways, but in most developing countries, open or landfill disposal is a common practice for plastic waste management. Plastic recycling into feedstocks, also known as chemical recycling, is encouraged all over the world. One such area is the thermal and catalytic thermal degradation of plastics into hydrocarbon fractions, which can be used as high-quality motor fuel after appropriate processing. Hydrocracking in the presence of a catalyst is a promising method of converting waste plastic materials to high quality liquid transportation fuels with decreased amounts of olefins and heteroatoms such as S, N, Cl, N, and O. The article deals with the study of hydrocracking of waste plastic into high quality liquid fuel on various catalysts based on natural zeolite deposits Taizhuzgen. The aim of the work is to determine the effect of new composite catalysts on the yield of liquid products by studying the specific surface and porous structure based on natural zeolite modified with Mо salt. It is established that the modification of natural zeolite with Mo affects the morphology of the catalyst, therefore, the obtained catalysts have different effects on the yield and composition of liquid fractions during the hydrogenation thermocatalytic transformation of hydrocarbons. The highest yield of liquid products (61.56%) was achieved using the 2% Mo/Taizhuzgen zeolite catalyst, which was chosen as optimal.

Activity features of catalysts for thermocatalytic hydrogenation processing of polymer waste

“…To impart viscous paste-forming properties to the polymer mixture, fuel oil with a boiling point of more than 350 °С, obtained during the distillation processing of oil from the Kumkolskoe field, was used. As is known from our previous studies [6,[28][29][30][31], fuel oil was used not only as a paste-forming agent, but also as an additional source of hydrocarbons and hydrogen necessary for the hydrogenation reaction to proceed. In order to determine the composition, structure, morphology and adsorption properties of the studied catalysts, such physico-chemical methods of analysis as X-ray fluorescence, IR spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), adsorption nitrogen porometry (BET), X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTGA) were used.…”

Current Prospects for Plastic Waste Treatment

“…The recycling of PET is used to solve environmental problems and find another source of raw materials for petrochemical products and energy [ 20 ]. The hydrocracking of waste plastic was pyrolyzed into high-quality liquid fuel using various catalysts, e.g., zeolite [ 188 ]. On the other hand, PET can be reprocessed by mechanical recycling to develop wooden construction bricks for building purposes, with a composition of 75 wt% wood fiber and 25 wt% plastic waste, with a total hardness up to 21.270 HRR [ 189 ].…”

Management of environmental problems of glass and plastic recycling

“…Plastic bottles came to Russia in the late 1980s, they gained widespread popularity in the last decade of the XX century. The new century was marked only by an increase in the spread of plastic containers [4].…”