Red mud-based catalysts for the catalytic removal of typical air pollutants: A review

Chen, Jiawei; Wang, Yao; Liu, Zhiming

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.027

Cited by 48 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…The main components of RM are SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , etc., which is an insoluble residue [87,88]. RM has a high water content and contains alkali, heavy metals, and other harmful components; the pH value can reach more than 11, with strong alkalinity, causing a serious impact on the environment and ecology [22,89,90]. The high soluble alkalinity of red mud makes it difficult to sinter into a strong building material, which is the biggest obstacle to its recycling [91].…”

Section: Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

Xiong,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Energies

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Sewage sludge and red mud, as common industrial waste, have become a research hotspot in the field of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, reducing carbon emissions, and solving environmental problems. However, their treatment and disposal have always been a difficult problem in the environmental field. Utilizing these two materials for thermal energy storage can not only improve energy utilization efficiency but also further reduce carbon emissions during their treatment process, providing a new approach for sustainable development in the industrial sector. This article summarizes the research progress for the resource recovery of sewage sludge and red mud for direct thermal energy recovery and composite phase change energy storage. After proper treatment, sludge and red mud can be directly used as energy storage materials. In addition, sludge and red mud can be combined with phase change materials to prepare composite materials with an excellent energy storage performance. This composite has broad application prospects in fields such as solar energy utilization and building energy efficiency. However, there are still some challenges and issues in this resource recovery and utilization, such as potential environmental pollution during the treatment process, the long-term stability of energy storage materials, and cost-effectiveness, which require further research and resolution. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the potential of sewage sludge and red mud as energy storage materials, to explore their feasibility and advantages in practical applications, and to reveal the research progress, technical challenges, and future development directions of these two materials in the field of thermal energy storage.

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Section: Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

Xiong,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…24 Red mud (RM), which is a byproduct of the production of alumina, forms when bauxite ores deteriorate in solutions with high NaOH concentrations. 25,26 In vast storage sites, groundwater and soil can mix and get contaminated by high pH and alkaline levels, rendering the groundwater unusable and the land unproductive. 27 Additionally, its composition contains heavy metals that can seriously harm the environment and human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticle coating on porous ceramic substrates with varying porosities produced from fly ash and red mud

Özcan,

Birol,

Dülger Kutlu

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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In order to improve filtering efficacy, nanoparticles are often deposited as photocatalytic degrading agents onto porous ceramics. This study aimed to deposit ZnO nanoparticles on ceramic substrates produced from fly ash and red mud with adjustable porosity and investigate their photocatalytic properties. To achieve this goal, at first porous ceramics were produced and sintered at various temperature/time intervals. It was observed that sintering at 800°C for 120 min provided a proper structure and porosity. In addition, MgO replacement with MgCO3 lowered the water absorption of the samples from 25.63% to 11.45%. The samples were then coated with ZnO nanoparticles using the sol–gel method and the ZnO structures obtained were micron‐sized plates. It was observed that increasing porosity increased the ZnO amount and accordingly the photocatalytic properties of the products. During the adsorption tests conducted in the dark, the coated ceramic samples were stained with MB with a maximum MB adsorption ratio of ∼14%. On the other hand, no visible MB stain was observed on the samples that were exposed to UV irradiation, and the MB removal after the UV irradiation was 93.6%; therefore, it was concluded that the dominant MB removal mechanism was photocatalytic.

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“…As a major producer of alumina, China produced more than 120 million tons of red mud in 2022, with a cumulative stockpile of 1.7 billion tons. Red mud created with the Bayer process is used as an industrial by-product for other applications, such as building materials [1][2][3][4][5][6] and environmental [7][8][9][10], chemical [2,[11][12][13][14][15], agronomic [16][17][18][19], metallurgical [20][21][22] processes, and so on. Currently, building materials consume reused red mud the most.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Alkali in Bayer Red Mud: Content and Occurrence State in Different Structures

Wang,

Jing,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The application of large amounts of red mud in the field of building materials is one of the main ways to reuse this material, but the high alkali content of red mud limits its application. In this paper, the washable alkali, removable alkali, and lattice alkali contents of Bayer red mud were studied, and the occurrence states of potassium and sodium in red mud were studied using XRD, IR, XPS, and NMR. On this basis, the removal mechanism for potassium and sodium in red mud was analyzed. The results showed that the Na in the red mud was mainly deposited in the shelf silicon voids of hydroxy sodalite (Na8(AlSiO4)6(OH)2(H2O)2) in the form of Si-O-Na or Al-O-Na. K is deposited in the shelf silico-oxygen void of potassium feldspar (KAlSi3O8) in the form of Si-O-K or Al-O-K. The washable Na and K contents of the mud were 13.7% and 4.47%; the alkali removal agent CaO removed 83.1% and 50.8% of Na and K in the red mud; and the lattice alkali Na and K contents were 3.20% and 44.8%, respectively. In the process of red mud dealkalization, Ca2+ ions can enter the internal voids of the hydroxyl sodalite and potassium feldspar silica skeleton and then replace Al3+ in the Si-O skeleton and Na+ and K+ in the skeleton voids. The replacement reaction changes the silica tetrahedron network structure, resulting in the disintegration of the frame-like silica tetrahedron in the hydroxyl sodalite and potassium feldspar, forming an isolated, island-like silica tetrahedron in hydrated garnet.

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Red mud-based catalysts for the catalytic removal of typical air pollutants: A review

Cited by 48 publications

References 89 publications

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

Photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticle coating on porous ceramic substrates with varying porosities produced from fly ash and red mud

Analysis of Alkali in Bayer Red Mud: Content and Occurrence State in Different Structures

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