Red, White, and Blue Eggs as Models of Porphyrin and Heme Metabolism*

Schwartz, Samuel; Stephenson, Betty; Sarkar, Durriya H.; Bracho, Miguel R.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb41555.x

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…During the hour prior to oviposition ( Figure 4) the coating of the shell was deposited over the brown pigment layer, which is predominantly composed of protoporphyrins (Poole, 1965;Kennedy and Vevers, 1976;Schwartz et al, 1975). The presence of these subsequent layers implies that the deposition of protoporphyrin was quantitatively limited and stopped before oviposition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Whitening of Brown-Shelled Eggs: Mineral Composition of Uterine Fluid and Rate of Protoporphyrin Deposition

Nys¹,

Zawadzki²,

Gautron³

et al. 1991

Poultry Science

100

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Changes in the mineral composition of uterine fluid during shell formation and the rates of color appearance and porphyrin deposition on the shell were measured in two subpopulations of brown egg-laying hens with familial histories of low or high incidences of shell whitening. Increases in shell weight and shell breaking strength were correlated with, and proportional to, time spent by the egg in the uterus and were similar in both subpopulations. Shell reflectance decreased and the amount of porphyrin deposited increased linearly 20 to 24 h after oviposition of the preceding egg. Porphyrin deposition was slightly higher at the 23-h stage in the high whitening population but similar amounts of porphyrin were deposited on the shell during the final stage of shell formation in both groups. The coating on the shell responsible for whitening was deposited during the hour prior to oviposition. Uterine fluid pH, pCO2, bicarbonate, and ionized Ca concentrations changed during shell formation but these changes were not related to the incidence of whitening. A milieu supersaturated with calcite solubility product was observed whatever the stage of shell formation. Inorganic phosphorus was not detectable in the uterine fluid whatever the stage of shell formation. The soluble phosphorus fraction of uterine decreased 22 h after oviposition and phosphorus deposition on the shell increased. At the end of egg formation uterine fluid could not be collected. It was concluded that shell whitening was associated with changes in the kinetics of porphyrin deposition rather than with changes in the amount of porphyrin deposited or modifications of uterine fluid composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Whitening of Brown-Shelled Eggs: Mineral Composition of Uterine Fluid and Rate of Protoporphyrin Deposition

Nys¹,

Zawadzki²,

Gautron³

et al. 1991

Poultry Science

100

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“…Another phycobiliprotein, phytochrome, is ubiquitous in higher plants and mediates many photomorphogenetic responses. A tetrapyrrole has been reported to affect the sexual development of a marine worm (5,6), and, finally, tetrapyrroles play a non-metabolic role in the coloration of invertebrates (7), marine mollusk shells (8), fish (9,10), avian eggshells (1 1,12), and feathers (13).…”

Section: A Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the prosthetic group of the hemoglobin-like oxygentarrying pigment chlorocruorin, which is found in the hemolymph of some marine polychete worms (194). I t is also found as the free pigment in some echinoderms (12). Although the biochemistry of the vinyl-to-formyl conversion has not been reported, the dimethyl ester of chlorocruoroporphyrin has been chemically synthesized (1 95).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemes, Chlorophylls, and Related Compounds: Biosynthesis and Metabolic Regulation

Granick¹,

Beale²

1978

Advances in Enzymology - And Related Areas of Molecular Biology

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“…6 It would be unusual for the intense red fluorescent colour to be absent, but in that situation the eggs could have been subjected to UV light, they could have been washed with chlorinated water or the hens could have received a coccidiostat such as Nicarbazin in the feed. 7 When eggs were exposed to sunlight, the shell fluorescence faded from red to greyish ruby colour, and those eggs had a lower albumen height. A runny egg white with a low albumen height gives the consumer the impression that the egg is old.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for checking label accuracy in barn and free range eggs

2005

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The aim was to develop a method for testing whether eggs sold as either 'barn' or free range' were laid under cage conditions. The surface patterns on 11 520 eggs from cage, barn and free range production systems were examined under ultraviolet light for distinctive fluorescent marks associated with each production system. In addition, the effects of egg washing, egg size, condensation and cage dusting on the prevalence of the fluorescent patterns associated with the cage production system were examined. The prevalence of fluorescent white double parallel lines with 2.2-2.5 cm spacing was a distinguishing feature for eggs laid on wire floors in cages. If five or more eggs in a sample of 90 eggs have double fluorescent lines it can be concluded with greater than 999 in 1000 probability that the batch contains some cage-laid eggs. Dust from the egg collection area below the feed trough was the main source of the fluorescent material. Washing the eggs removed or obscured the double lines. Egg size and condensation had limited effects on the prevalence of double lines. Infrequent dusting of the wire floor did not reduce the value of the test.

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Red, White, and Blue Eggs as Models of Porphyrin and Heme Metabolism*

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Whitening of Brown-Shelled Eggs: Mineral Composition of Uterine Fluid and Rate of Protoporphyrin Deposition

Whitening of Brown-Shelled Eggs: Mineral Composition of Uterine Fluid and Rate of Protoporphyrin Deposition

Hemes, Chlorophylls, and Related Compounds: Biosynthesis and Metabolic Regulation

Method for checking label accuracy in barn and free range eggs

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