Red Wine Extract Disrupts Th17 Lymphocyte Differentiation in a Colorectal Cancer Context

Abstract

Scope Scope: It is well established that immune response and inflammation promote tumoral progression. Immune cells communicate through direct contact or through cytokine secretion, and it is the pro‐inflammatory status that will tip the balance toward tumor progression or anti‐tumor immunity. It is demonstrated here that a red wine extract (RWE) can decrease inflammation through its action on the inflammasome complex. This study determines whether an RWE could impact other key actors of inflammation, including T helper 17 (Th17) immune cells in particular. Methods and results Methods and results: Using an RWE containing 4.16 g of polyphenols/liter of wine, it is shown that RWE decreases colorectal cancer cells in vitro and induces a reduction in colorectal tumor growth associated with a decrease in tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in vivo. The process of T‐lymphocyte differentiation in Th17 cells is altered by RWE, as revealed by the decrease in the expression of key actors controlling this process, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and retinoid acid‐related orphan receptor γt. This disruption is associated with an inhibition of inflammatory interleukin 17 secretion. Conclusion The data highlights the major involvement of Th17 immune cells in the biological effects of an RWE.

Polyphenols of the Mediterranean Diet and Their Metabolites in the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer

“…Several studies have also shown that polyphenols, by affecting the composition of the intestinal microbiota, modulate oxidative stress and immune response [58]. In agreement with these observations, red wine extracts administered orally reduced the growth of colorectal tumors (hot tumors: associated with inflammatory infiltrates) in mice by reducing the activation of T lymphocytes to Th17-positive cells [59]. The proper functioning of the cells of the intestinal wall will therefore depend on their interactions with the bacterial ecosystem present and the molecules provided by the food.…”

Red Wine Extract Inhibits VEGF Secretion and Its Signaling Pathway in Retinal ARPE-19 Cells to Potentially Disrupt AMD

“…The qualitative and quantitative determination of polyphenolic compounds in RWE is crucial to evaluate its biological activities since we have previously demonstrated that composition of bioactive compounds of the wine could impact its antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities [7,8]. In fact, we have shown that an association of resveratrol and quercetin can have a synergetic effect against the proliferation of colon cancer cells, which is not the case for other combinations such as resveratrol/catechin or resveratrol/catechin/quercetin [9].…”

Obesity and malnutrition – risk factors in prediagnostic and later phases of colorectal cancer

“…There are numerous studies on the role of nutrition, identifying obesity as a risk factor for the development of malignant diseases 13,14 , and CRC has been in the focus of scientific studies for decades 5,9 .…”

“…The current scientific literature presents large information about the effect of various antioxidants on the progressing of CRC, but not all publications have confirmed their positive effect 9,23 , thus demanding additional studies.…”

“…Biochemical indicators characterizing oxidative stress, concomitant with both obesity and malnutrition, have been used in various studies providing data for epigenetic changes in the gene expression in the colorectal cell under reactive oxygen species (ROS) impact [8][9][10] .…”