Rediscovery of the long-eared bat genus Nyctophilus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Timor and a reassessment of Nyctophilus timoriensis

Abstract

The only previous record of the Long-eared bat genus Nyctophilus from the island of Timor is a specimen collected by the Baudin expedition in 1803, used to describe Nyctophilus timoriensis by Geoffroy (1806). However, its geographic attribution to Timor is contentious because of uncertainty regarding the characteristics and the identity of the type material of timoriensis, and because no further specimens from Timor have been available until now. Here, we report on three specimens of Nyctophilus collected in 2003 at Maubisse, in the mountains of Timor-Leste (East Timor), which we tentatively assign to N. timoriensis. We present a revised concept of N. timoriensis based on a re-interpretation of the original description and illustration, as well as examination of the suspected holotype. Our assessment differs from the prevailing view of timoriensis as representing a large-bodied Nyctophilus with a rudimentary snout mound (similar to the Australian species N. major Gray, 1844, with which it has often incorrectly been synonymized). Instead, N. timoriensis is a medium-sized species with an enlarged snout mound, closely resembling N. heran , from Lembata Island, Indonesia, and N. geoffroyi Leach, 1821, of mainland Australia and Tasmania. Further revisionary work is needed to resolve the taxonomy and relationships of these similar species.Abstrak [Bahasa Indonesia]. Catatan tentang kelelawar bertelinga panjang, genus Nyctophilus dari Pulau (1858a) did not use the name N. major in his revision, either because he was unaware of the name (see Peters, 1861) or else did not consider N. major to be an available name.The Baudin expedition collected specimens from southwestern Western Australia, adding to Tomes' suspicion that the Nyctophilus material had been incorrectly attributed to Timor.Throughout the past century the name N. timoriensis has often been used for the largest members of the genus from across mainland Australia and Tasmania, while N. major * We note that include Pteropus alecto in the Timorese bat fauna based on a specimen from "island of Timor" that Kitchener, Packer & Maharadatunkamsi (1995) assigned to P. alecto ?gouldi based on a specimen from "island of Timor" for which they provide no further data.** We concur with Hill (1992) who does not recognize Pipistrellus javanicus from the island of Timor.