Reduced Carbon Consumption and CO2 Emission at the Blast Furnace by Use of Briquettes Containing Torrefied Sawdust

Mousa, Elsayed; Lundgren, Maria; Ökvist, Lena Sundqvist; From, Lars-Erik; Robles, Astrid; Hällsten, Siv; Sundelin, Bo; Friberg, Hanna; El-Tawil, Asmaa A.

doi:10.1007/s40831-019-00229-7

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A packed bed of 2 g of biomass and another of 1 g of iron ore dried for 3 h at 80 °C under vacuum were placed in a silica glass tube reactor separated by glass wool. The density of biomass and the iron ore packed bed was 0.3 g/cm 3 and 1.5 g/cm 3 , respectively. Helium gas with a constant flow rate of 50 ml/ min was employed as carrier of the biomass pyrolysis gases to expose to the iron ore packed bed.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since biomass is a renewable resource and considered CO 2 neutral, recent works have explored its potential for utilization in different routes and stages of steel production, benefitting the mitigation of the CO 2 emissions [3][4][5]. Biomass contains lower concentrations of ash, S, N, Cl, and other heavy metal elements than coal [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies focusing on biomass applications in ironmaking refer to the volatiles as an adjacent energy source or their effects on reactivity [9]. The role of biomass as a reducing agent to iron oxides has been typically approached through iron ore-carbon composites [3,[10][11][12]. Some studies have demonstrated that iron oxides can be partially reduced by the volatiles in these composites [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron Ore Reduction by Biomass Volatiles

Bagatini

Kan

Evans

et al. 2021

J. Sustain. Metall.

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The use of biomass in different routes of ironmaking has been recently investigated. Although the volatile matter is the major constituent of the biomass, its contribution as reducing agent has not been explored in detail. This work aimed to investigate the reduction of iron ore by biomass volatiles and elucidate the steps involved, searching for optimization of its use in the ironmaking industry. Experiments with biomass and iron ore packed beds placed separately were carried out in the interval between 200 and 1000 °C in an infrared furnace. Iron ore reduction was observed at low temperatures (< 800 °C) and increased up to 1000 °C, where wustite, metallic iron and cementite were detected by XRD. Carbon deposition at low temperatures and carbothermic reduction at high temperatures were identified through carbon analysis and thermal profile measures. At low temperature the reduction occurred mainly by the non-condensable gases (CO, H 2 ) from biomass pyrolysis and tar cracking reactions, while from 800 °C the reduction advanced by carbon deposited on the iron ore. The activation energy for the carbothermic reduction indicated the carbon gasification as the reaction-limiting step. The deposited carbon proved to be more reactive than other carbon sources commonly used in the ironmaking.

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Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron Ore Reduction by Biomass Volatiles

Bagatini

Kan

Evans

et al. 2021

J. Sustain. Metall.

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“…Our recent research has discussed the effect of charging briquettes containing torrefied sawdust on the BF efficiency and process stability. The charging of bio-briquettes (39-64 kg/tHM) was demonstrated a positive impact on reducing coke consumption and CO2 emission [60].…”

Section: Fig 8 Relationship Between the Reduction Degree Of Pra Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern blast furnace ironmaking technology: potentials to meet the demand of high hot metal production and lower energy consumption

Mousa

2019

Metall Mater Eng

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Iron and steel making is one of the most intense energy consuming in the industrial sectors. The intensive utilization of fossil carbon in the ironmaking blast furnace (BF) is related directly to CO2 emission and global warming. Lowering the energy consumption and CO2 emission from BF comes on the top priorities from both economic and environmental aspects. The BF has undergone tremendous modifications and development to increase production and improve the overall efficiency. Both technological development and scientific research drive one another to reach optimum operation conditions, which are very close to the ideal conditions; however, further development is still required to meet the stringent environmental regulations. The present article provides a comprehensive review of recent research and development which were carried out in modern blast furnace to increase the productivity meanwhile reduce the energy consumption and CO2 emission to meet the demand of steel market and the environmental protection. The recent technological and metallurgical improvements in the BF are intensively discussed including: (i) modifications of BF design, top charging and measuring system, (ii) upgrading of conventional top charging burden and alternative agglomerates, (iii) developing of tuyeres injection system and injected materials, and (iv) potentials of waste heat recovery and usage. These topics are reviewed and discussed in some details to elucidate the potential of recent progress in BF technology in saving the energy consumption and lowering CO2 emission. In this paper, the major research and development which have been carried out in ironmaking BF technology are reviewed with an overview of the future prospects.

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“…The use of biomass resources is a possible alternative in Sweden, as there are biomass resources available from forestland, areas estimated to be 28.1 million hectares [14]. The use of bio-coal as part of top charged briquettes also containing iron oxide has the potential to lower the thermal reserve zone temperature (TRZ) of the BF and thereby give a high replacement ratio to coke due to improved gas efficiency [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Reduction Behavior of Bio-Coal Containing Iron Ore Composites

El-Tawil

Ahmed

Ökvist

et al. 2020

Metals

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The utilization of CO2 neutral carbon instead of fossil carbon is one way to mitigate CO2 emissions in the steel industry. Using reactive reducing agent, e.g., bio-coal (pre-treated biomass) in iron ore composites for the blast furnace can also enhance the self-reduction. The current study aims at investigating the self-reduction behavior of bio-coal containing iron ore composites under inert conditions and simulated blast furnace thermal profile. Composites with and without 10% bio-coal and sufficient amount of coke breeze to keep the C/O molar ratio equal to one were mixed and Portland cement was used as a binder. The self-reduction of composites was investigated by thermogravimetric analyses under inert atmosphere. To explore the reduction progress in each type of composite vertical tube furnace tests were conducted in nitrogen atmosphere up to temperatures selected based on thermogravimetric results. Bio-coal properties as fixed carbon, volatile matter content and ash composition influence the reduction of iron oxide. The reduction of the bio-coal containing composites begins at about 500 °C, a lower temperature compared to that for the composite with coke as only carbon source. The hematite was successfully reduced to metallic iron at 850 °C by using bio-coal, whereas with coke as a reducing agent temperature up to 1100 °C was required.

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Reduced Carbon Consumption and CO2 Emission at the Blast Furnace by Use of Briquettes Containing Torrefied Sawdust

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Iron Ore Reduction by Biomass Volatiles

Iron Ore Reduction by Biomass Volatiles

Modern blast furnace ironmaking technology: potentials to meet the demand of high hot metal production and lower energy consumption

Self-Reduction Behavior of Bio-Coal Containing Iron Ore Composites

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