Reduced fishmeal allowance with constant protein input for juvenile channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated different dietary fishmeal and protein levels on growth performance, intestinal structure and intestinal microbial community of juvenile channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. A total of 1800 fish distributed into 36 tanks were fed with nine different diets containing three protein levels (300, 330 and 360 g/kg) with three fishmeal (FM) levels (0, 30 and 60 g/kg) for 90 days. The results showed that significant interactions between the protein level and FM level were observed in final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), Na+, K+‐ATPase and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities. The significant lowest FW, WG, Na+, K+‐ATPase and AKP activities were observed in fish fed with no fishmeal and 300 g/kg protein dietary while the highest were shown in 60 g/kg fishmeal and 330 g/kg protein treatment. Additionally, the microvillar length of the mid‐intestine in catfish was significantly affected by the interaction between dietary protein level and fishmeal level. The intestinal samples were dominated by three major phyla, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria. Genera Romboutsia and Turicibacter accounted for probably 800 g/kg of the phylum Firmicutes; meanwhile, genus Cetobacterium represented more than 900 g/kg of the phylum Fusobacteria. In conclusion, this study indicated that channel catfish juveniles can be fed with a practical diet without fishmeal as long as the protein level increased to 360 g/kg; however, if the percentage of dietary protein was 300 g/kg, it seemed that fishmeal need to be supplied as a protein source.

Metabolical and hematological responses of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) to diet composition

“…The protein quality of the ingredients and the digestibility of the amino acids, as well as the presence of antinutrients are factors that can limit the growth of the fish (FRANCIS; MAKKAR; BECKER, 2001;JIANG et al, 2019). Thus, an assessment of metabolic parameters in fish serves as an indicator of nutritional status, and is also an important contribution to the nutritional management of these animals (GOULART et al, 2015).…”

“…However, diets combined with protein sources of animal origin and soybean meal showed a better amino acid profile estimated for the species (MEYER; FRACALOSSI, 2004). It should be noted that amino acid supplementation is a promising method to increase the nutritional value of diets in which fish meal is replaced by vegetable protein sources (JIANG et al, 2019;LIM et al, 2011;SCHNEIDER et al, 2020).…”

Recycling and repurposing food waste as feed for small-scale zebrafish (Danio rerio) aquaculture

“…The profitability of aquaculture is dependent on the efficiency of feed intake and utilization, and it is desirable for fish farmers to control the feed quality to produce fish with maximum growth and minimal waste and environmental impact (da Silva et al 2016) [3] . Currently fish meal is a major source of high-quality protein for commercial fish feed because of its high protein content, amino acid balance, and digestibility; however, increasing demand for fishmeal as aquaculture feed and the decline of wild fish populations where fishmeal is sourced has led to price increases (Jiang et al 2019) [11] . Capture fisheries have reached their maximum potential production and will therefore not be able to meet the increasing demand for fish products (Subasinghe et al 2009) [20] .…”

“…Expansion of aquaculture could further increase the pressure on global fish meal or oil supply (Bostock et al 2010) [1] . Fish meal and oil are popular ingredients in aquaculture feeds because of the high levels of easily digestible protein (Jiang et al 2019) [11] . Most crustacean, marine, and other intensively cultured fishes require high quality feed, which usually contain fish meal or fish oil (Bostock et al 2010) [1] .…”

A comparison of fecal settlement vis-to-vis stripping method to assess apparent digestibility coefficients of the animal and plant origin feedstuffs in sub-yearling beluga, Huso huso

“…Feed costs included up to 70% of the total account of aquaculture production (Banavreh, Soltani, Kamali, Yazdani-Sadati, & Shamsaie, 2019; Chi et al, 2017). In aquafeed, shmeal has the highest proportion because it has a high-level protein source, ideal balance of amino acids (AA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and superior nutrient digestibility (Jiang et al, 2018;Wan et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2004). Nevertheless, the rising requirement for the limited supply of sh meal caused a notable increase in those prices a few years ago (Kumar et al, 2019;Quinto et al, 2018).…”