Reduced GLP-1 Secretion at 30 Minutes After a 75-g Oral Glucose Load Is Observed in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study

Sukumar, Nithya; Bagias, Christos; Goljan, Ilona; Ghebremichael‐Weldeselassie, Yonas; Gharanei, Seley; Tan, Bee K.; Holst, Jens J.; Saravanan, Ponnusamy

doi:10.2337/db18-0254

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This increase in GLP-1 secretion is a product of gastrointestinal tissue expansion, rather than satiety [149]. GLP-1 circulating levels are reduced in pregnant mothers with gestational diabetes [150,151]. However, we have no data about changes in GLP-1 levels during normal pregnancy.…”

Section: Undernutrition and Hormones In Lung Developmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development

et al. 2019

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Maternal and perinatal undernutrition affects the lung development of litters and it may produce long-lasting alterations in respiratory health. This can be demonstrated using animal models and epidemiological studies. During pregnancy, maternal diet controls lung development by direct and indirect mechanisms. For sure, food intake and caloric restriction directly influence the whole body maturation and the lung. In addition, the maternal food intake during pregnancy controls mother, placenta, and fetal endocrine systems that regulate nutrient uptake and distribution to the fetus and pulmonary tissue development. There are several hormones involved in metabolic regulations, which may play an essential role in lung development during pregnancy. This review focuses on the effect of metabolic hormones in lung development and in how undernutrition alters the hormonal environment during pregnancy to disrupt normal lung maturation. We explore the role of GLP-1, ghrelin, and leptin, and also retinoids and cholecalciferol as hormones synthetized from diet precursors. Finally, we also address how metabolic hormones altered during pregnancy may affect lung pathophysiology in the adulthood.

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Section: Undernutrition and Hormones In Lung Developmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development

et al. 2019

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“…Copyright © 2022 Society for Endocrinology GDM had decreased levels of GLP-1 throughout gestation (Lencioni et al 2011;Sukumar et al 2018;Mosavat et al 2020). Meanwhile, others have suggested that GLP-1 plays little role in GDM pathogenesis (Hornnes et al 1981;Cypryk et al 2007).…”

Section: Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

The intestine and the microbiota in maternal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy

Yeo

Brubaker

Sloboda

2022

Journal of Endocrinology

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It is now well established that, beyond its role in nutrient processing and absorption, the intestine and its accompanying gut microbiome, constitute a major site of immunological and endocrine regulation that mediates whole-body metabolism. Despite the growing field of host-microbe research, few studies explore what mechanisms govern this relationship in the context of pregnancy. During pregnancy, significant maternal metabolic adaptations are made to accommodate the additional energy demands of the developing fetus and to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent data suggest that the maternal gut microbiota may play a role in these adaptations, but changes to maternal gut physiology and the underlying intestinal mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we discuss selective aspects of intestinal physiology including the role of the incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), in addition to the role of the maternal gut microbiome in the maternal metabolic adaptations to pregnancy. Specifically, we discuss how bacterial components and metabolites could facilitate the effects of the microbiota on host physiology, including nutrient absorption and GLP-1 secretion and action, and whether these mechanisms may change maternal insulin sensitivity and secretion during pregnancy. Finally, we discuss how these pathways could be altered in disease states during pregnancy including maternal obesity, and diabetes in pregnancy.

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“…Interpretation GLP-1 and GIP have previously been investigated in women with and without GDM in smaller studies with different results 4,6,7,12 . One study used a different stimulus (mixed meal test) 6 and large BMI differences 6,12 between NGT and GDM subjects might further confound analyses, because BMI negatively associates with GLP-1 and GIP 13 . Similar BMI between groups allowed analyzing impact of GDM on incretin responses, without adiposity as confounder.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incretin hypersecretion in gestational diabetes mellitus

Fritsche

Heni

Eckstein

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Incretins are crucial stimulators of insulin secretion after food intake. We investigated the incretin response during an oral glucose tolerance test in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes. Methods Subjects underwent a 5-point OGTT with 75 g glucose. We assessed insulin secretion and levels of total GLP-1, GIP, glicentin and glucagon during the OGTT. Findings We examined 167 women (33 with GDM) during gestational week 26.95 (2.15 SD). Insulin secretion was significantly lower in women with GDM (p<0.001). Postprandial GLP-1 and GIP were ~20% higher in women with GDM (all p<0.05) independent from age, BMI and gestational age. GLP-1 increase associated with insulin secretion only in GDM, but not in NGT. Postprandial GLP-1 levels associated negatively with birth weight. Interpretation The more pronounced GLP-1 increase in women with GDM could be part of a compensatory mechanism counteracting GLP-1 resistance. Higher GLP-1 levels might be protective against fetal overgrowth.

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Reduced GLP-1 Secretion at 30 Minutes After a 75-g Oral Glucose Load Is Observed in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development

Perinatal Undernutrition, Metabolic Hormones, and Lung Development

The intestine and the microbiota in maternal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy

Incretin hypersecretion in gestational diabetes mellitus

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