Reduced heart rate variability in hypertension: associations with lifestyle factors and plasma renin activity

Virtanen, Raine; Jula, Antti; Kuusela, Tom; Helenius, Hans; Voipio-Pulkki, L-M

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001529

Cited by 80 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Some forms of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension are characterized by decreased HRV (Mortara, et al, 1994;Piccirillo, et al 1996;Stein & Kleiger, 1999;Virtanen, Jula, Kuusela, Helenius & Voipio-Pulkki, 2003;Lucini, De Vede, Parati & Pagani, 2005). Job strain and low decision latitude have also been associated with decreased HF (e.g.…”

Section: Index Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frequency domain includes a low frequency component (LF), which reflects a combination of sympathetic and parasympathetic influences, and a high frequency component (HF), which reflects parasympathetic influence (Berntson, Cacioppo & Quigley 1993). An estimate of sympathovagal balance is derived from the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power (LF/HF).Some forms of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension are characterized by decreased HRV (Mortara, et al, 1994;Piccirillo, et al 1996;Stein & Kleiger, 1999;Virtanen, Jula, Kuusela, Helenius & Voipio-Pulkki, 2003;Lucini, De Vede, Parati & Pagani, 2005). Job strain and low decision latitude have also been associated with decreased HF (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dietary sodium effects on heart rate variability in salt sensitivity of blood pressure

2008

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High dietary sodium intake is a risk factor for hypertension, and heart rate variability (HRV) is decreased in hypertension. Effects of dietary sodium intake on HRV of normotensive persons have not, however, been investigated to date. The present study examined effects of low and high sodium diets on blood pressure, heart rate, and HRV in 36 healthy, normotensive women, ages 40-70. Each was placed on a low sodium diet for six days followed by a high sodium diet for six days. High salt diet increased mean systolic blood pressure, decreased heart rate, and increased high frequency HRV (HF). Cardiac vagal tone, estimated at baseline from heart period and a time domain estimate of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, was higher in salt-sensitive than salt-insensitive subjects. The finding of increased vagal tone in normotensive persons on high salt intake indicates that dietary sodium status should be considered in behavioral studies of HRV. Index termsblood pressure; heart rate variability; sodium Behavioral interactions can influence the development of cardiovascular disease via effects on autonomic regulation of the heart. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive window into autonomic control of cardiac function, and can be analyzed via time and frequency domain measures (Task Force of the European Society, 1996). Power spectral density methodology (Kay & Marple, 1981) identifies periodic components of HRV and estimates their frequency and power. The frequency domain includes a low frequency component (LF), which reflects a combination of sympathetic and parasympathetic influences, and a high frequency component (HF), which reflects parasympathetic influence (Berntson, Cacioppo & Quigley 1993). An estimate of sympathovagal balance is derived from the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power (LF/HF).Some forms of cardiovascular disease, including hypertension are characterized by decreased HRV (Mortara, et al., 1994;Piccirillo, et al. 1996;Stein & Kleiger, 1999;Virtanen, Jula, Kuusela, Helenius & Voipio-Pulkki, 2003;Lucini, De Vede, Parati & Pagani, 2005). Job strain and low decision latitude have also been associated with decreased HF (e.g. Gallo, Bogart, Vranceanu & Wait, 2004;Collins, Karasek & Costas, 2005).Several studies have shown that behavioral procedures that increase blood pressure and heart rate acutely also alter HRV consistent with decreases in parasympathetic activity (Madden & Savard, 1995;Reims et al, 2005;Guasti et al, 2005). In addition, decreases in HF of (Falkner & Kushner, 1990) found that mental stress generated larger increases in blood pressure and heart rate in SS than SI subjects. These studies also showed that salt-sensitivity was associated with greater anxiety and irritability (Deter, et al., 2006) and reduced vagal activity in response to mental stress (Buchholz et al 2003). The potential importance of the environment in cardiovascular response to salt-sensitivity was investigated in a study with salt-loaded medical students, who showed larger increases in resting blood ...

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Section: Index Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary sodium effects on heart rate variability in salt sensitivity of blood pressure

2008

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“…7 Correspondingly, decreased heart rate variability (HRV) 8,9 and baroreflex heart rate control 8 are strong predictors of cardiovascular events and mortality in different populations. Hypertension is known to decrease HRV [10][11][12] and baroreflex control of the heart rate, 13,14 and there are speculations that abnormalities in autonomic function may sometimes precede or give rise to hypertension. 15 However, only a little is known of the potential interactions between PP and various measures of autonomic nervous function.…”

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confidence: 99%

Increased pulse pressure is associated with reduced baroreflex sensitivity

et al. 2004

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Although pulse pressure (PP), heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) have been shown to predict cardiovascular events and mortality in various populations, their relationships have not been clarified. We examined these associations in two separate population-based samples of healthy middle-aged subjects. In population 1, data were obtained from 149 subjects (71 men and 78 women) aged 35-64 (mean 47.7) years, and in population 2, from 214 subjects (88 men and 126 women) aged 40-62 (mean 50.5) years. Increased 24-h ambulatory PP was related to decreased cross-spectral BRS independent of age and gender (b ¼ À0.28, Po0.001 for population 1; b ¼ À0.22, P ¼ 0.003 for population 2). This association remained significant when 24-h ambulatory diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, smoking and alcohol intake were added as covariates in the multivariate analysis. Increased ambulatory PP was also associated with increased beat-to-beat systolic arterial pressure variability. Associations between ambulatory PP and HRV were not significant after controlling for age and gender. Our results suggest that elevated PP does not affect overall HRV, but it interferes with baroreflex-mediated control of the heart rate. This association may be due to a common denominator, such as arterial stiffness, for PP and BRS.

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“…Azokban a tanulmányokban, amelyekben a HRV csökkenését írták le diabeteses egyéneknél, a vizsgálati alanyok jelentős hányada egyidejűleg hypertoniában is szenvedett [11]. Azokban a tanulmányokban, ahol a HRV változását hypertoniás egyéneknél vizsgál-ták, nem történt meg az egyidejűleg diabeteses alanyok elkülönítése vagy kizárása, továbbá a diabetesben szenvedők arányát sem tüntették fel a vizsgálati csoportokban [12].…”

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Heart rate variability is significantly reduced in non-diabetic patients with hypertension

2014

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Bevezetés: A szívfrekvencia-variabilitás csökken hypertoniában vagy diabetes mellitusban szenvedők körében. A hypertonia és a diabetes mellitus egymással gyakori komorbiditást mutatnak. Nincs elegendő adat arról, hogy a kontrollhoz képest diabetes mellitusban nem szenvedő hypertoniás betegek körében hogyan változik a szívfrekvencia-variabilitás. Célkitűzés: A szerzők hypertoniában szenvedő diabeteses és nem diabeteses betegekben, valamint kontrollegyének-ben a szívfrekvencia-variabilitás vizsgálatát tűzték ki célul. Módszer: 130 hypertoniában, 48 hypertoniában és 2-es típusú diabetes mellitusban szenvedő beteget, valamint 87 kontrollszemélyt vontak be a vizsgálatba. A minimális, átlagos és maximális szívfrekvenciát, valamint az egymást követő RR-intervallumok időtartamának és 5 perces szegmensekben mért átlagának szórását határozták meg. Eredmények: Az átlagos minimális szívfrekvencia szignifi kánsan nem különbözött a csoportok között. A kontrollhoz képest a többi paraméter szignifi kánsan csökkent mind a hypertoniában, mind a hypertoniában és diabetesben szenvedő betegek csoportjában. A hypertoniás csoporthoz képest a hypertoniában és diabetesben szenvedő csoportban a paraméterek nem különböztek szignifi kánsan. Következtetések: Diabetes mellitusban nem szenvedő hypertoniás betegek körében a szívfrekvencia-variabilitás jelentősen beszűkül. Úgy tűnik, hogy hypertoniás betegek körében a 2-es típusú diabetes mellitus szignifi kánsan már nem csökkenti tovább a szívfrekvencia-variabilitást. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(22), 865-870. Kulcsszavak: hypertonia, diabetes mellitus, szívfrekvencia-variabilitás Heart rate variability is signifi cantly reduced in non-diabetic patients with hypertensionIntroductions: Heart rate variability is reduced among patients with hypertension or those with diabetes mellitus. Hypertension and diabetes show frequent co-morbidity, but it is still not entirely clear whether heart arte variability is reduced in non-diabetic patients with hypertension. Aim: The aim of the authors was to evaluate the heart rate variability in hypertensive patients with and without diabetes and in control subjects. Method: 130 patients with hypertension, 48 patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 87 control subjects were involved in the study. Minimum, mean and maximum heart rate, and parameters of heart rate variability were measured. Results: The mean of minimum heart rate did not differ signifi cantly between the three groups. However, all other parameters were signifi cantly reduced in patients with hypertension with and without diabetes as compared to the control group. No signifi cant differences were observed between hypertensive patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Heart rate variability is signifi cantly reduced in non-diabetic patients with hypertension. It seems that type 2 diabetes results in no further signifi cant reduction of heart rate variability in patients with hypertension.

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Reduced heart rate variability in hypertension: associations with lifestyle factors and plasma renin activity

Cited by 80 publications

References 36 publications

Dietary sodium effects on heart rate variability in salt sensitivity of blood pressure

Dietary sodium effects on heart rate variability in salt sensitivity of blood pressure

Increased pulse pressure is associated with reduced baroreflex sensitivity

Heart rate variability is significantly reduced in non-diabetic patients with hypertension

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