Reduced nutritional status in an elderly population (&gt; 70 y) is probable before disease and possibly contributes to the development of disease

Mowé, Morten; Bøhmer, Thomas; Kindt, E

doi:10.1093/ajcn/59.2.317

Cited by 241 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Protein-energy undernutrition in older persons will result in immune dysfunction and an increased risk of infections (Morley, 1995). Another consequence of undernutrition is an increased risk of hospitalization (Mowé et al 1994). Correspondingly, follow-up data showed an increase in the hospitalization rate among the twenty subjects judged to be at nutritional risk in 1988 by means of the MNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The ‘Mini Nutritional Assessment’ (MNA) and the ‘Determine Your Nutritional Health’ Checklist (NSI Checklist) as predictors of morbidity and mortality in an elderly Danish population

1999

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of the'Determine Your Nutritional Health' Checklist (NSI Checklist) and the 'Mini Nutritional Assessment' (MNA) methods to predict nutrition-related health problems. Data were from the Danish part of the 'Survey in Europe of Nutrition in the Elderly, a Concerted Action' (SENECA) baseline survey from 1988, and the follow-up study from 1993. Based on the baseline survey thirty-nine (19 . 3 %) of the subjects were classified at high nutritional risk, 103 (51 %) were considered at moderate nutritional risk and sixty (29 . 7 %) were within the 'good' range according to the criteria in the NSI Checklist. With the MNA, 171 subjects were classified according to their nutritional risk into a well-nourished group, comprising 78 . 4 %, and a group who were at risk of undernutrition, comprising 21⋅6 % at baseline. A total of 115 subjects participated in the follow-up study. The mortality rate and the prevalence of various morbidity indicators were compared between the different risk groups. The analysis showed that subjects with a high MNA score (Ն 24) had significantly lower mortality (rate ratio estimate: 0 . 35; 95 % Cl 0 . 18, 0 . 66) compared with subjects with a low MNA score (Յ 23 . 5). In contrast, the NSI Checklist score was not a significant predictor of mortality (rate ratio estimate: 1 . 45; 95 % Cl 0 . 78, 2 . 71). The sixteen Danes judged to be at high nutritional risk by the NSI Checklist in 1988, had more acute diseases (P < 0 . 001) than the rest of the participants, between 1988 and 1993. No significant differences were found in the participation rates, hospitalization rates, physician visits, need of help or weight loss between the groups. The thirteen Danes judged to be at risk of undernutrition in 1988 by the MNA, had a lower participation rate (P < 0 . 01) and higher occurrence of acute disease (P < 0 . 05), need of help (P < 0 . 05), and weight loss (P < 0 . 001) than the well-nourished group, between 1988 and 1993. No significant differences were found in hospitalization rates and physician visits between the two groups. In conclusion, the results indicate that modified versions of the NSI Checklist and the MNA are capable of identifying a group of 70-75-year-old subjects with increased risk of certain nutrition-related health problems. Further, an MNA score Յ 23 . 5 predicts mortality in a Danish population. Screening: Elderly: Nutritional assessmentThe elderly population is particularly prone to inadequate nutritional status because of factors such as age-related physiological and social changes, occurrence of chronic diseases, use of medications, and decreased mobility (Morley, 1995). The undernutrition may not be easy to recognize or distinguish from changes resulting from the ageing process itself, and, if undetected, could result in more rapid deterioration of health and early death. Efforts are, therefore, directed to the understanding, evaluation and detection of the different factors that influence the nutritional status of elderl...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The ‘Mini Nutritional Assessment’ (MNA) and the ‘Determine Your Nutritional Health’ Checklist (NSI Checklist) as predictors of morbidity and mortality in an elderly Danish population

1999

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“…Biochemical mechanisms of this phenomenon will be discussed in the next paragraph. It has been found, however, that 65 % of elderly men and 69 % of elderly women had an insufficient energy intake already in the month before hospitalization (Mowe et al 1994). The authors have found that this inadequate food intake may partly contribute to a reduced nutritional status and increase the occurrence of hospitalization in a vulnerable group of elderly people.…”

Section: Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of the anorexia of aging—a review

Wysokiński

Sobów

Kłoszewska

et al. 2015

AGE

189

148

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Many, even healthy, older people fail to adequately regulate food intake and experience loss of weight. Aging-associated changes in the regulation of appetite and the lack of hunger have been termed as the anorexia of aging. The etiology of the anorexia of aging is multi-factorial and includes a combination of physiological changes associated with aging (decline in smell and taste, reduced central and peripheral drive to eat, delayed gastric emptying), pathological conditions (depression, dementia, somatic diseases, medications and iatrogenic interventions, oral-health status), and social factors (poverty, loneliness). However, exact mechanisms of the anorexia of aging remain to be elucidated. Many neurobiological mechanisms may be secondary to age-related changes in body composition and not associated with anorexia per se. Therefore, further studies on pathophysiological mechanisms of the anorexia of aging should employ accurate measurement of body fat and lean mass. The anorexia of aging is associated with protein-energy malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, functional deterioration, morbidity, and mortality. Since this symptom can lead to dramatic consequences, early identification and effective interventions are needed. One of the most important goals in the geriatric care is to optimize nutritional status of the elderly.

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“…loss of appetite, decreased taste and odour perception) or a combination of some factors (Morley, 1996;Morley & Silver, 1988;Roberts et al, 1994;. This so-called`anorexia of aging' may have serious consequences, such as severe weight loss after the age of 70 y that is associated with nutrition-related diseases (Rajala et al, 1990;Losonczy et al, 1995;Mowe Â et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term regulation of food intake in children, young adults and the elderly

et al. 2000

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Objective: The present study investigated the effects of consuming preloads with different macronutrient and energy contents on subsequent intake and subjective feelings of hunger and satiety in children, young adults and the elderly. Subjects: 30 Children (4 ± 6 y), 33 young adults (18 ± 26 y) and 24 elderly (61 ± 86 y). Design: A`preload test meal' design was applied. Subjects were given four different strawberry yoghurt preloads that varied in energy and macronutrient content, or no yoghurt. Children, young adults and elderly consumed 200, 340 and 300 g of the preload, respectively. One yoghurt was low-fat, low-carbohydrate and low in energy (the control; 0.7 MJa500 g serving), one yoghurt was high-fat and medium in energy (71% of energy (en%) of fat; 2 MJa500 g serving), one yoghurt was high-carbohydrate and medium in energy (87 en% of carbohydrate; 2 MJa500 g serving) and the fourth yoghurt was high-fat and high-carbohydrate and high in energy (42 en% of fat and 53 en% of carbohydrate; 3 MJa500 g serving). Ninety minutes after preload consumption, subjects had an attractive ad libitum lunch-buffet. Energy intake at lunch and subjective feelings of hunger and satiety were analysed. Results: The ability to compensate at lunch did not differ among the three age groups. Compared to the nopreload condition, all children, young adults and elderly ate signi®cantly less after the high-fat and highcarbohydrate yoghurt. The energy compensation observed in the children ranged between 7 21% and 34%, in the young adults between 15% and 44% and in the elderly between 17% and 23%. Hunger responses were clearly different between young adults and the elderly. Compared to the no-preload condition, the young adults showed larger differences in their appetite ratings than the elderly, indicating that the elderly were less sensitive to the energy content of the preload than the young adults. Conclusion: We conclude that the ability to regulate the food intake within a preload 90 min test meal paradigm did not differ among children, young adults and the elderly. Sponsorship: This study was funded by the European Commission as part of project FAIR-CT95-0574.

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Reduced nutritional status in an elderly population (> 70 y) is probable before disease and possibly contributes to the development of disease

Cited by 241 publications

References 30 publications

The ‘Mini Nutritional Assessment’ (MNA) and the ‘Determine Your Nutritional Health’ Checklist (NSI Checklist) as predictors of morbidity and mortality in an elderly Danish population

The ‘Mini Nutritional Assessment’ (MNA) and the ‘Determine Your Nutritional Health’ Checklist (NSI Checklist) as predictors of morbidity and mortality in an elderly Danish population

Mechanisms of the anorexia of aging—a review

Short-term regulation of food intake in children, young adults and the elderly

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