Reduced RNA silencing suppressor activity of onion yellow dwarf virus HC-Pro with N-terminal deletion may be complemented in mixed infection with another potyvirus in garlic

Kim, Hangil; Aoki, Nana; Takahashi, Haruna; Yoshida, N.; Shimura, Hanako; Masuta, Chikara

doi:10.1007/s10327-020-00926-2

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For example, the 2b protein of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-Sj (soybean strain) suppresses naturally occurring RNA silencing against the soybean chalcone synthase gene, but the 2b of CMV-Y (ordinary strain isolated from tobacco) cannot (Senda et al, 2004). For potyviruses, the HC-Pro protein of OYDV showed more efficient RSS activity in onion as the RSS assay plant than in N. benthamiana (Kim et al, 2020). Considering these observations, we presume that LYSV and perhaps other potyviruses may have modified P1 to make it strong enough to adjust RSS activity for new host adaptation by trimming the N-terminal region of P1; as a result, LYSV may have succeeded in expanding its host range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RNA silencing suppression assay. RSS activity was assayed as described before (Kim et al, 2020;Shimura et al, 2022). The DNA fragments coding for the HC-Pro and FLAG-tagged P1 proteins were cloned into the pBE2113 plasmid between XbaI and SacI sites, and then Agrobacterium was transformed with each of those plasmids.…”

Section: Aphid Transmission Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GFP fluorescence intensity in onion epidermis was quantified using LAS AF software (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). For confirming P1 expression, total protein extracts from N. benthamiana leaf tissues infiltrated with Agrobacterium carrying the P1 construct were separated by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the P1-FLAG was detected by western blot analysis using anti-FLAG monoclonal antibody (Kim et al, 2020;Shimura et al, 2022).…”

Section: Aphid Transmission Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then used a similar agroinfiltration assay with onion for two reasons. The first is because we believe, based on our previous studies, that host or closely related plants should be used, if possible, to detect the RSS activity of viral proteins (Kim et al, 2020;Shimura et al, 2022). Sec-ond, based on the report by Shan et al (2018), we thought that S-type P1 might have evolved from N-type P1 in the favor of the virus.…”

Section: Mixed Infection Of Garlic By Lysv-n and Lysv-s Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Hokkaido, LYSV is more commonly detected than OYDV, while OYDV is more common in other parts of Japan. In previous report, we found that OYDV isolates detected in garlics in Hokkaido mostly have a large dele-tion at the 5' end of the HC-Pro gene and have lost the ability to support aphid transmission of the virus (Kim et al, 2020). Therefore, mixed infection with LYSV has been suggested to be important for aphid transmission of OYDV (Jayasinghe et al, 2021).…”

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confidence: 95%

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Leek Yellow Stripe Virus Can Adjust for Host Adaptation by Trimming the N-Terminal Domain to Allow the P1 Protein to Function as an RNA Silencing Suppressor

et al. 2022

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In Japan, the P1 protein (S-type) encoded by leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV) isolates detected in Honshu and southward is shorter than the P1 (N-type) of LYSV isolates from garlic grown in Hokkaido due to a large deletion in the N-terminal half. In garlic fields in Hokkaido, two types of LYSV isolate with N- and S-type P1s are sometimes found in mixed infections. In this study, we confirmed that N- and S-type P1 sequences were present in the same plant and that they belong to different evolutionary phylogenetic groups. To investigate how LYSV with S-type P1 (LYSV-S) could have invaded LYSV with N-type P1 (LYSV-N)-infected garlic, we examined wild Allium spp. plants in Hokkaido and found that LYSV was almost undetectable. On the other hand, in Honshu, LYSV-S was detected at a high frequency in Allium spp. other than garlic, suggesting that the LYSV-S can infect a wider host range of Allium spp. compared to LYSV-N. Because P1 proteins of potyviruses have been reported to promote RNA silencing suppressor (RSS) activity of HC-Pro proteins, we analyzed whether the same was true for P1 of LYSV. In onion, contrary to expectation, the P1 protein itself had RSS activity. Moreover, the RSS activity of S-type P1 was considerably stronger than that of N-type P1, suggesting that LYSV P1 may be able to enhance its RSS activity when the deletion is in the N-terminal half and that acquiring S-type P1 may have enabled LYSV to expand its host range.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aphid Transmission Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aphid Transmission Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mixed Infection Of Garlic By Lysv-n and Lysv-s Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Leek Yellow Stripe Virus Can Adjust for Host Adaptation by Trimming the N-Terminal Domain to Allow the P1 Protein to Function as an RNA Silencing Suppressor

et al. 2022

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Aphid transmissibility of onion yellow dwarf virus isolates with an N-terminal truncated HC-Pro is aided by leek yellow stripe virus

Jayasinghe

Kim

Sasaki³

et al. 2021

J Gen Plant Pathol

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Coat protein of partitiviruses isolated from mycorrhizal fungi functions as an RNA silencing suppressor in plants and fungi

Shimura

Kim

Matsuzawa

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Orchid seeds depend on colonization by orchid mycorrhizal (OM) fungi for their germination; therefore, the orchids and OM fungi have long maintained a close relationship (e.g., formation of the hyphal mass structure, peloton) during their evolution. In the present study, we isolated new partitiviruses from OM fungi; partitivirus were separately found in different subcultures from the same fungi. Partitiviruses have been believed to lack an RNA silencing suppressor (RSS), which is generally associated with viral pathogenicity, because most partitiviruses isolated so far are latent in both plants and fungi. However, we found that the coat protein (CP) of our partitiviruses indeed had RSS activity, which differed among the virus isolates from OM fungi; one CP showed RSS activity in both plants and fungi, while another CP showed no activity. The family Partitiviridae include viruses isolated from plants and fungi, and it has been suggested that these viruses may occasionally be transmitted between plant and fungal hosts. Given that there are several reports showing that viruses can adapt to nonhost using strong RSS, we here discussed the idea that partitiviruses may be better able to migrate between the orchid and fungus probably through the pelotons formed in the orchid cells, if host RNA silencing is suppressed by partitivirus RSS.

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Reduced RNA silencing suppressor activity of onion yellow dwarf virus HC-Pro with N-terminal deletion may be complemented in mixed infection with another potyvirus in garlic

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Leek Yellow Stripe Virus Can Adjust for Host Adaptation by Trimming the N-Terminal Domain to Allow the P1 Protein to Function as an RNA Silencing Suppressor

Leek Yellow Stripe Virus Can Adjust for Host Adaptation by Trimming the N-Terminal Domain to Allow the P1 Protein to Function as an RNA Silencing Suppressor

Aphid transmissibility of onion yellow dwarf virus isolates with an N-terminal truncated HC-Pro is aided by leek yellow stripe virus

Coat protein of partitiviruses isolated from mycorrhizal fungi functions as an RNA silencing suppressor in plants and fungi

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