Reduced telomerase activity in human T lymphocytes exposed to cortisol

Choi, Jenny; Fauce, Steven R.; Effros, Rita B.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2007.12.004

Cited by 312 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…13 Accordingly, chronically stressed individuals have shown lower telomerase activity, 13 and ex vivo exposure of lymphocytes to cortisol has been shown to reduce telomerase activity. 34 HPA axis impairment has been found in patients with BD, 7,35 as demonstrated by increased cortisol levels 36 and cortisol non-suppression in the dexamethasone suppression test. 37 Increased stress exposure and cortisol levels might thus accelerate telomere shortening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shortened telomere length in bipolar disorder: a comparison of the early and late stages of disease

Barbé-Tuana

Parisi

Panizzutti

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with increased rates of age-related diseases, such as type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disorders. Several biological findings have been associated with age-related disorders, including increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and telomere shortening. The objective of this study was to compare telomere length among participants with BD at early and late stages and age-and gender-matched healthy controls. Methods: Twenty-six euthymic subjects with BD and 34 healthy controls were recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and mean telomere length was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Telomere length was significantly shorter in both the early and late subgroups of BD subjects when compared to the respective controls (p = 0.002 and p = 0.005, respectively). The sample size prevented additional subgroup analyses, including potential effects of medication, smoking status, and lifestyle. Conclusion: This study is concordant with previous evidence of telomere shortening in BD, in both early and late stages of the disorder, and supports the notion of accelerated aging in BD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shortened telomere length in bipolar disorder: a comparison of the early and late stages of disease

Barbé-Tuana

Parisi

Panizzutti

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…High doses of cortisol reduce telomerase activity in vitro [25], and exposure to oxidative stress shortens telomeres [8]. Telomerase activity may nonetheless reduce the impact of oxidative stress, as it confers resistance to physical and chemical stressors in cells with short telomeres [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic stress elevates telomerase activity in rats

et al. 2012

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The enzyme telomerase lengthens telomeresprotective structures containing repetitive DNA sequences at chromosome ends. Telomere shortening is associated with diseases of ageing in mammals. Chronic stress has been related to shorter immune-cell telomeres, but telomerase activity under stress may be low, permitting telomere loss, or high, partially attenuating it. We developed an experimental model to examine the impacts of extended unpredictable stress on telomerase activity in male rats. Telomerase activity was 54 per cent higher in stressed rats than in controls, and associated with stressrelated physiological and behavioural outcomes. This significant increase suggests a potential mechanism for resilience to stress-related replicative senescence.

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“…Experimentally, high levels of cortisol exposure (a potent stress hormone) have been shown to dampen telomerase activity in leukocytes (21). Behavioral interventions that reduce stress have also been linked to higher telomerase activity.…”

Section: Developmental Programming | Fetal Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress exposure in intrauterine life is associated with shorter telomere length in young adulthood

Entringer

Epel

Kumsta

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

353

244

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Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a predictor of age-related disease onset and mortality. The association in adults of psychosocial stress or stress biomarkers with LTL suggests telomere biology may represent a possible underlying mechanism linking stress and health outcomes. It is, however, unknown whether stress exposure in intrauterine life can produce variations in LTL, thereby potentially setting up a long-term trajectory for disease susceptibility. We, therefore, as a first step, tested the hypothesis that stress exposure during intrauterine life is associated with shorter telomeres in adult life after accounting for the effects of other factors on LTL. LTL was assessed in 94 healthy young adults. Forty-five subjects were offspring of mothers who had experienced a severe stressor in the index pregnancy (prenatal stress group; PSG), and 49 subjects were offspring of mothers who had a healthy, uneventful index pregnancy (comparison group; CG). Prenatal stress exposure was a significant predictor of subsequent adult telomere length in the offspring (178-bp difference between prenatal stress and CG; d = 0.41 SD units; P < 0.05). The effect was substantially unchanged after adjusting for potential confounders (subject characteristics, birth weight percentile, and early-life and concurrent stress level), and was more pronounced in women (295-bp difference; d = 0.68 SD units; P < 0.01). To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence in humans of an association between prenatal stress exposure and subsequent shorter telomere length. This observation may help shed light on an important biological pathway underlying the developmental origins of adult health and disease risk.developmental programming | fetal origin

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Reduced telomerase activity in human T lymphocytes exposed to cortisol

Cited by 312 publications

References 23 publications

Shortened telomere length in bipolar disorder: a comparison of the early and late stages of disease

Shortened telomere length in bipolar disorder: a comparison of the early and late stages of disease

Chronic stress elevates telomerase activity in rats

Stress exposure in intrauterine life is associated with shorter telomere length in young adulthood

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