“…However, the latency may become longer if the requested data item is missed at intermediate neighbor’s nodes. Moreover, there are also a number of research studies developed a cooperative caching strategy to improve data access, data availability, and information retrieval in MANETs ( Artail et al, 2008 ; Yin & Cao, 2005 ; Du, Gupta & Varsamopoulos, 2009 ; Wang et al., 2022 ) propose two strategies: CacheData and CachePath, as well as a hybrid strategy that combines the two techniques to increase the performance by utilizing both strategies meanwhile taking into consideration their drawbacks and limitations. Cache resolution and cache management are designed by Du, Gupta & Varsamopoulos (2009) to increase the data availability and the access efficiency.…”