Reducing the Sampling Rate of Biochemical Measurements Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry for <i>In Vivo</i> Applications

Amos, Alison; Roberts, James G.; Qi, Lingjiao; Sombers, Leslie A.; McCarty, Gregory S.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2014.2321479

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Electrical stimulation of DA axons in the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) evokes DA release in the ipsilateral striatum, which is easily measurable by FSCV (Figure a). − We measured evoked dopamine responses both in the absence of microdialysis probes and with microelectrodes aimed 70–100 μm (E1) and 1 mm (E2) from the probes (Figure S1, Supporting Information). In the absence of a microdialysis probe, there is no significant difference in the amplitude of evoked responses (45 Hz, 300 μA, 25 s) measured at the E1 and E2 locations (Figures a and ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microdialysis in the Rat Striatum: Effects of 24 h Dexamethasone Retrodialysis on Evoked Dopamine Release and Penetration Injury

Nesbitt

Varner

Jaquins-Gerstl

et al. 2014

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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The power of microdialysis for in vivo neurochemical monitoring is a result of intense efforts to enhance microdialysis procedures, the probes themselves, and the analytical systems used for the analysis of dialysate samples. Our goal is to refine microdialysis further by focusing attention on what happens when the probes are implanted into brain tissue. It is broadly acknowledged that some tissue damage occurs, such that the tissue nearest the probes is disrupted from its normal state. We hypothesize that mitigating such disruption would refine microdialysis. Herein, we show that the addition of dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory drug, to the perfusion fluid protects evoked dopamine responses as measured by fast-scan cyclic voltammetry next to the probes after 24 h. We also show that dexamethasone stabilizes evoked dopamine responses measured at the probe outlet over a 4–24 h postimplantation interval. The effects of dexamethasone are attributable to its anti-inflammatory actions, as dexamethasone had no significant effect on two histochemical markers for dopamine terminals, tyrosine hydroxylase and the dopamine transporter. Using histochemical assays, we confirmed that the actions of dexamethasone are tightly confined to the immediate, local vicinity of the probe.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microdialysis in the Rat Striatum: Effects of 24 h Dexamethasone Retrodialysis on Evoked Dopamine Release and Penetration Injury

Nesbitt

Varner

Jaquins-Gerstl

et al. 2014

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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“…To combat this, protocols have been developed that reduce the quantity of data collected. A study by McCarty and co-workers reduced the FSCV sampling rate from 10 to 1 Hz, decreasing the quantity of data collected by an order of magnitude, without negatively impacting sensor responsivity or selectivity . Another study used a means of analog background subtraction and a two-step cyclic analog-to-digital convertor to reduce overall data density, as well as a duty-cycled transmitter to reduce power consumption .…”

Section: Fscv: Under Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study by McCarty and co-workers reduced the FSCV sampling rate from 10 to 1 Hz, decreasing the quantity of data collected by an order of magnitude, without negatively impacting sensor responsivity or selectivity. 93 Another study used a means of analog background subtraction and a two-step cyclic analog-to-digital convertor to reduce overall data density, as well as a duty-cycled transmitter to reduce power consumption. 94 These studies are expected to substantially decrease power requirements, enabling the use of smaller, lighter batteries.…”

Section: Analytical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry: Chemical Sensing in the Brain and Beyond

2017

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“…However, the reduced clock frequency due to use of Nyquist-based analog background subtraction over ΔΣ modulation was equally instrumental to the reduced power. A recent publication showed the overall power consumption can be reduced further, by an order of magnitude, by decreasing the scan repetition rate in FSCV from 10 Hz to 1 Hz [29]. Although this approach reduces the amount of data transmitted by a factor of 10×, it also reduces the total number of samples recorded by the same amount.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wireless FSCV Monitoring IC With Analog Background Subtraction and UWB Telemetry

Dorta-Quinones

Wang

Dokania

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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A 30-μW wireless fast-scan cyclic voltammetry monitoring integrated circuit for ultra-wideband (UWB) transmission of dopamine release events in freely-behaving small animals is presented. On-chip integration of analog background subtraction and UWB telemetry yields a 32-fold increase in resolution versus standard Nyquist-rate conversion alone, near a four-fold decrease in the volume of uplink data versus single-bit, third-order, delta-sigma modulation, and more than a 20-fold reduction in transmit power versus narrowband transmission for low data rates. The 1.5-mm2 chip, which was fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology, consists of a low-noise potentiostat frontend, a two-step analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and an impulse-radio UWB transmitter (TX). The duty-cycled frontend and ADC/UWB-TX blocks draw 4 μA and 15 μA from 3-V and 1.2-V supplies, respectively. The chip achieves an input-referred current noise of 92 pArms and an input current range of ±430 nA at a conversion rate of 10 kHz. The packaged device operates from a 3-V coin-cell battery, measures 4.7 × 1.9 cm2, weighs 4.3 g (including the battery and antenna), and can be carried by small animals. The system was validated by wirelessly recording flow-injection of dopamine with concentrations in the range of 250 nM to 1 μM with a carbon-fiber microelectrode (CFM) using 300-V/s FSCV.

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Reducing the Sampling Rate of Biochemical Measurements Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry for In Vivo Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Microdialysis in the Rat Striatum: Effects of 24 h Dexamethasone Retrodialysis on Evoked Dopamine Release and Penetration Injury

Microdialysis in the Rat Striatum: Effects of 24 h Dexamethasone Retrodialysis on Evoked Dopamine Release and Penetration Injury

Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry: Chemical Sensing in the Brain and Beyond

A Wireless FSCV Monitoring IC With Analog Background Subtraction and UWB Telemetry

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