Reduction of carbon dioxide on ruthenium oxide and modified ruthenium oxide electrodes in 0.5 M NaHCO3

Production of methanol from CO2 electroreduction at Cu2O and Cu2O/ZnO-based electrodes in aqueous solution

“…Unfortunately, among the many electrocatalytic materials previously investigated for CO2 reduction, none of them are both efficient and selective, and the most common products are CO and HCOOH, which are not as readily used as fuels as hydrocarbons or alcohols are [10]. Among the studied materials, copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo) and ruthenium (Ru), as well as their mixtures and oxidized forms [11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], have been reported to be the most active materials for the electrochemical transformation of CO2 to CH3OH. Cu is the only known material capable of producing mixtures of chemicals potentially interesting for industrial applications at high reaction rates over sustainable periods of time [31][32][33][34].…”

Role of CO* as a Spectator in CO2 Electroreduction on RuO2

“…Only copper produces mixtures of methane, ethane and formic acid at high overpotential, owing to its favorable position in the theoretical activity volcano proposed in previous work. Ruthenium oxide based electrocatalysts have been repeatedly shown [8][9][10] to produce methanol from CO 2 with up to 60%…”

“…Experimental evidence 8,9 points to methanol formation having a smaller barrier, as methanol has been observed to be produced in much larger quantities than methane 9-11 . Popic et.…”

Recent Progress in the Theoretical Investigation of Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2

“…[116,117] On the basis of DFT simulation on RuO 2 (110) surface model, Karamad et al found that covered CO could stabilize the oxide surface. [116,117] On the basis of DFT simulation on RuO 2 (110) surface model, Karamad et al found that covered CO could stabilize the oxide surface.…”