Reduction of phase temporal fluctuations caused by digital voltage addressing in LC SLM "HoloEye PLUTO VIS" for holographic applications

Cheremkhin, Pavel A.; Evtikhiev, Nikolay N.; Krasnov, Vitaly V.; Rodin, Vladislav G.; Starikov, Sergey N.

doi:10.1117/12.2037569

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It is possible to neglect fluctuations by synchronizing SLM and light source or camera [19][20] , but this inevitably leads to complicating experimental setup and increase in light source requirements. There is however another way which does not include alteration of experimental setup.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of Doe Optical Reconstruction With Tempmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We synthesized DOE using accurately measured [19][20] phase fluctuations of phase LC SLM "HoloEye PLUTO VIS" 13 to minimize its negative impact on displayed DOE reconstruction. Synthesis was conducted with versatile DSRT [27][28] method in the following way: 1) Initial kinoform is synthesized with conventional method such as Gerchberg-Saxton.…”

Section: Increasing Reconstruction Quality Of Kinoforms Displayed Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This, however, leads to phase temporal fluctuations due to step-wise voltage addressing [17][18][19][20] . Presence of phase temporal fluctuations results in lower diffraction efficiency and reconstruction quality of displayed diffractive optical elements (DOE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Increasing reconstruction quality of diffractive optical elements displayed with LC SLM

et al. 2015

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Phase liquid crystal (LC) spatial light modulators (SLM) are actively used in various applications. However, majority of scientific applications require stable phase modulation which might be hard to achieve with commercially available SLM due to its consumer origin. The use of digital voltage addressing scheme leads to phase temporal fluctuations, which results in lower diffraction efficiency and reconstruction quality of displayed diffractive optical elements (DOE). Due to high periodicity of fluctuations it should be possible to use knowledge of these fluctuations during DOE synthesis to minimize negative effect. We synthesized DOE using accurately measured phase fluctuations of phase LC SLM "HoloEye PLUTO VIS" to minimize its negative impact on displayed DOE reconstruction. Synthesis was conducted with versatile direct search with random trajectory (DSRT) method in the following way. Before DOE synthesis begun, two-dimensional dependency of SLM phase shift on addressed signal level and time from frame start was obtained. Then synthesis begins. First, initial phase distribution is created. Second, random trajectory of consecutive processing of all DOE elements is generated. Then iterative process begins. Each DOE element sequentially has its value changed to one that provides better value of objective criterion, e.g. lower deviation of reconstructed image from original one. If current element value provides best objective criterion value then it left unchanged. After all elements are processed, iteration repeats until stagnation is reached. It is demonstrated that application of SLM phase fluctuations knowledge in DOE synthesis with DSRT method leads to noticeable increase of DOE reconstruction quality.Keywords: liquid crystal spatial light modulator, phase temporal fluctuations, direct binary search with random trajectory method, phase diffractive optical elements, image reconstruction.

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Section: Numerical Simulation Of Doe Optical Reconstruction With Tempmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Increasing Reconstruction Quality Of Kinoforms Displayed Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing reconstruction quality of diffractive optical elements displayed with LC SLM

et al. 2015

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“…For information input (SLM1) transmissive amplitude LC SLM HoloEye LC2002 [12][13][14] with 800×600 pixels and 32×32 µm 2 pixel size was used. To image encryption DOE (SLM2) reflective phase LC SLM HoloEye PLUTO VIS [15][16][17] with 1920×1080 pixels and 8×8 µm 2 was used.…”

Section: Optical Encryption In Spatially-incoherent Monochromatic Ligmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical encryption in spatially-incoherent light using two LC SLMs for both information input and encryption element imaging

et al. 2014

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At present time methods of optical encryption are actively developed. The majority of existing methods of optical encryption use not only light intensity distribution, easily registered with photosensors, but also its phase distribution which require application of complex holographic schemes in conjunction with spatially coherent monochromatic illumination. This leads to complex optical schemes and low decryption quality. To eliminate these disadvantages it is possible to implement optical encryption using spatially incoherent monochromatic illumination which requires registration of light intensity distribution only.Encryption is accomplished by means of optical convolution of image of scene to be encrypted and encryption diffractive optical element (DOE) point spread function (PSF) which serves as encryption key. Encryption process is described as follows. Scene is illuminated with spatially-incoherent monochromatic light. In the absence of encryption DOE lens forms image of scene in photosensor plane. DOE serves as encryption element, its PSF -encryption key. Light passing through DOE forms convolution of object image and DOE PSF. Registered by photosensor convolution is encrypted image. Decryption was conducted numerically on computer by means of inverse filtration with regularization. Kinoforms were used as encryption DOE because they have single diffraction order. Two liquid crystal (LC) spatial light modulators (SLM) were used to implement dynamic digital information input and dynamic encryption key change. As input scene amplitude LC SLM HoloEye LC2002 with 800×600 pixels 32×32 μm 2 and 256 gray levels was used. To image synthesized encryption kinoforms phase LC SLM HoloEye PLUTO VIS with 1920×1080 pixels 8×8 μm 2 and 256 phase levels was used. Set of test images was successfully optically encrypted and then numerically decrypted. Encrypted images contents are hidden. Decrypted images despite quite high noise levels are positively recognizable. Results of optical encryption and numerical decryption are presented.

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“…Thus the object radiates diffusely. Characteristics of phase-only SLM HoloEye PLUTO VIS were chosen as a basis for modeling of optical image reconstruction: quantity of pixels is not higher than 1920×1080, pixel size is 8μm×8μm, number of phase levels is 256 [31][32] . SLM phase modulation depth ranged from 0 to 2π.…”

Section: Parameters Used In Numerical Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of quality of optical reconstruction of digital Fourier holograms displayed on phase-only SLM by its digital preprocessing

et al. 2014

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Digital holography is popular tool for research and practical applications in various fields of science and technology. Most widespread method of optical reconstruction implements digital hologram display on spatial light modulators (SLM). Optical reconstruction of digital holograms is used for remote display of static and dynamic 2D and 3D scenes, in optical information processing, metrology, interferometry, microscopy, etc. Holograms recorded with digital cameras are amplitude type. Therefore quality of its optical reconstruction with phase SLM is worse compared to amplitude SLM. However application of phase SLM can provide higher diffraction efficiency. To improve quality of optical reconstruction with phase SLM, method of SLM phase modulation depth reduction at digital hologram display is proposed. To our knowledge, this method was applied only in analog holography. Also two other methods of quality improvement are considered: hologram to kinoform conversion and holograms multiplexing. Numerical experiments on modelling of digital Fourier holograms recording and their optical reconstruction by phase SLM were performed. Method of SLM phase modulation depth reduction at digital holograms display was proposed and tested. SLM phase modulation depth ranged from 0 to 2π. Quantity of hologram phase levels equal to 256 corresponds to 2π phase modulation depth. To keep SLM settings while changing phase modulation depth hologram phase distribution was renormalized instead. Dependencies of reconstruction quality on hologram phase modulation depth were obtained. Best quality is achieved at 0.27π÷0.31π phase modulation depth. To reduce speckle noise, hologram multiplexing can be applied. Modeling of multiplex holograms optical reconstruction was conducted. Speckle noise reduction was achieved. For improvement of digital hologram optical reconstruction quality and diffraction efficiency hologram to kinoform conversion can be used. Firstly numerically reconstructed image of object was obtained. Then this image was used for kinoform synthesis. Diffraction efficiency was increased by 6.4 times in comparison with hologram reconstruction.

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Reduction of phase temporal fluctuations caused by digital voltage addressing in LC SLM "HoloEye PLUTO VIS" for holographic applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Increasing reconstruction quality of diffractive optical elements displayed with LC SLM

Increasing reconstruction quality of diffractive optical elements displayed with LC SLM

Optical encryption in spatially-incoherent light using two LC SLMs for both information input and encryption element imaging

Improvement of quality of optical reconstruction of digital Fourier holograms displayed on phase-only SLM by its digital preprocessing

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