Reduction of Power Production Costs in a Wind Power Plant–Flywheel Energy Storage System Arrangement

Abstract

The paper presents issues of optimisation of a wind power plant–energy storage system (WPP-ESS) arrangement operating in a specific geographical location. An algorithm was developed to minimise the unit discounted cost of electricity generation in a system containing a wind power plant and flywheel energy storage. In order to carry out the task, population heuristics of the genetic algorithm were used with modifications introduced by the author (taking into account the coefficient of variation of the generation in the quasi-static term of the penalty and the selection method). The set of inequality restrictions related to the technical parameters of turbines and energy storage and the parameters of energy storage management has been taken into account with the application of the Powell–Skolnick penalty function (Michalewicz modification). The results of sample optimisation calculations for two wind power plants of 2 MW were presented. The effects achieved in the process of optimisation were described—especially the influence of the parameters of the energy storage management system on the unit cost of electricity generation. The use of a system with higher unit costs of energy generation compared to independently operating wind turbines was justified in the context of improving the conditions of compatibility with the power system—the strategy belongs to a power firming group.

Flywheel energy storage systems: A critical review on technologies, applications, and future prospects

“…Figure 11 depicts different types of control strategies. Operation and maintenance variable ($/kWh) (300-1000) 124 (3000-6000) 124 (5.6) 2 (0.0003) 125 (250-350) 2 (1000-5000) 126 (130-500) 125 (7800-8800) 127 (1950-2200) 127 Hybridizing FESS with one or more ESSs while operating in a power system requires simultaneous charging and discharging phenomenon. 148 In this regard, authors have suggested the control of FESS based on SoC.…”

“…FESS is found to be the cheapest ESS which involves high output power. FESS is mostly employed for transmission and distribution purposes 123 . Table 4 highlights the overall cost analysis for FESS.…”

Analysis and Modeling of the Wear-Out Process of a Lithium-Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt Cell during Cycling Operation under Constant Load Conditions

“…The first electrochemical cells were designed, built and described more than 200 years ago, but it was only in the last three decades that the emergence of lithium-ion cells contributed to the dynamic growth of their popularity. The areas of their application are constantly expanding, and the most common are currently mobile electronic devices, various types of e-mobility solutions (especially electric vehicles), uninterruptible power supply systems, and systems cooperating with renewable sources of electricity [1]. Where the cost of cell purchase is significant and the load is characterized by high dynamics of change, the analysis of cell behaviour, both in electrical and thermal aspects, is very important [2,3].…”

Research and Application of Hybrid Wind-Energy Forecasting Models Based on Cuckoo Search Optimization

“…Many factors, such air density around the wind farms and wind turbine characteristics, have an impact on the wind energy production. The use of energy storage systems can eliminate short-term disconnections from the grid of wind-energy sources [1]. Specifically, the amount of energy in wind is related with the cubic of the wind speed [2].…”