Reference Values for DXA-Derived Visceral Adipose Tissue in Adults 40 Years and Older from a European Population: The Tromsø Study 2015–2016

Lundblad, Marie Wasmuth; Jacobsen, Bjarne K.; Johansson, Jonas; Rolfe, Emanuella De Lucia; Grimsgaard, Sameline; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter

doi:10.1155/2021/6634536

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Finally, we identified 10 studies (three CT, one MRI, six DXA) that reported thresholds for VAT associated with MetS, presented in Table 3 [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. A wider range of threshold values were reported for females (68.8-207.8 cm 2 ) than for males (75-136 cm 2 ) with significant differences noted due to race within a country (European vs. African American females [40]) and menopause status [40,45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies reporting thresholds for VAT exhibited large differences in age range, sex, obesity status, and menopausal status, likely explaining some of the heterogeneity across studies. Additionally, only five studies [36,38,[43][44][45] excluded waist circumference from the MetS definition for the purpose of proposing a VAT threshold, whereas four studies used two of four measures [36,38,44,45] to define MetS, whereas the other [43] used three of four but reported an incorrect criterion. Davidson [44], for example, had the highest VAT threshold for South African females and used two of the four measures.…”

Section: Using the Equations Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standardization of dual‐energy x‐ray visceral adipose tissue measures for comparison across clinical imaging systems

Bennett,

Fan,

Liu

et al. 2023

Obesity

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ObjectiveExcess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and clinical guidelines have been proposed to define VAT levels associated with increased risk. The aim was to standardize VAT measures between two dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) manufacturers who provide different VAT estimates to support standardization of measures across imaging modalities.MethodsScans from 114 individuals (ages 18–81 years) on GE HealthCare (GEHC) and Hologic DXA systems were compared via Deming regression to standardize VAT between the two systems, validated in a separate sample (n = 15), with κ statistics to assess agreement of VAT measurements for classifying patients into risk categories.ResultsThe GEHC and Hologic VAT measures were highly correlated and validated in the separate data set (r2 = 0.97). VAT area measures substantially agreed for metabolic risk classification (weighted κ = 0.76) with no significant differences in the population mean values.ConclusionsVAT measures can be estimated from GEHC and Hologic scans that classify individuals in a substantially similar way into metabolic risk categories, and systematic bias between the measures can be removed using simple regression equations. These findings allow for DXA VAT measures to be used in complement to other imaging modalities, regardless of whether scans used GEHC or Hologic systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Using the Equations Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of dual‐energy x‐ray visceral adipose tissue measures for comparison across clinical imaging systems

Bennett,

Fan,

Liu

et al. 2023

Obesity

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“…Obesity is a public health issue in high-income countries ( 29 ). Previous studies have shown that the amount of fat in the population has increased over the previous two decades, with the increase in younger age groups and women requiring special attention ( 30 , 31 ). Obesity is measured by an increase in the number of adipocytes and excess fat stored in adipocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between android fat mass, gynoid fat mass and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in adults: NHANES 2003–2007

Zhu

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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ObjectivesEvidence of the relationship between android fat mass and gynoid fat mass with the mortality prediction is still limited. Current study analyzed the NHANES database to investigate the relationship between android fat mass, gynoid fat mass and CVD, with all-cause mortality.MethodThe study subjects were NHANES participants over 20 years old, two indicators of regional body composition, android fat and gynoid fat were measured by Dual Energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). The other various covariates data obtained from the NHANES questionnaire and laboratory measurements, including age, gender, education, race/ethnicity, uric acid, total serum cholesterol, albumin, Vitamin C, folate, alcohol drinking, smoking status, history of diabetes, and hypertension. Mortality status was ascertained from a linked mortality file prepared by the National Center for Health Statistics. The study population was divided quartiles based on the distribution of android fat mass and gynoid fat mass. The relationship between these two indicators with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality was investigated by using Cox regression. The covariates age, gender, smoking status, drinking status, history of diabetes, and history of hypertension were stratified.ResultsIn the fully adjusted model, Q3 had the lowest HR in android fat mass and gynoid fat mass. When examining the relationship between android fat mass and CVD mortality, current smokers and drinkers had the lowest CVD risk in Q2 [smoking: 0.21 (0.08, 0.52), drinking: 0.14 (0.04, 0.50)]. In diabetic patients, compared with Q1, other groups with increased android fat mass can significantly reduce the risk of CVD [Q4: 0.17 (0.04, 0.75), Q3: 0.18 (0.03, 1.09), Q2: 0.27 (0.09, 0.83)]. In ≥60 years old and female, the greater the gynoid fat mass, the smaller the HR of all-cause mortality [Q4 for ≥60 years old: 0.57 (0.33, 0.96), Q4 for female: 0.37 (0.23, 0.58)]. People <60 years old had a lower risk of all-cause mortality with gynoid fat mass in Q3 than those ≥60 years old [<60 years: 0.50 (0.27, 0.91), ≥60 years: 0.65 (0.45, 0.95)]. Among subjects without hypertension, the group with the largest android fat mass had the lowest risk of CVD mortality, and the group with the largest gynoid fat mass had the lowest risk of all-cause mortality [Android fat mass: 0.36 (0.16, 0.81), gynoid fat mass: 0.57 (0.39, 0.85)].ConclusionModerate android fat mass and gynoid fat mass (Q3) had the most protective effect. Smokers and drinkers need to control their body fat. Being too thin is harmful to people with diabetes. Increased gynoid fat mass is a protective factor for all-cause mortality in older adults and females. Young people's gynoid fat mass is more protective in the moderate range than older people's. If no high blood pressure exists, people with more android and gynoid fat mass have a lower risk of CVD or all-cause mortality.

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“…Regional adiposity measures included visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass, android fat percentage, gynoid fat percentage, and the android-to-gynoid-fat ratio (A/G ratio, a marker of central adiposity) ( 24 ). The total body fat percentage (%BF), fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), and visceral adipose tissue index (VATI) were calculated ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and body composition in young adult offspring

Rerkasem,

Lyons-Reid,

Namwongprom

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundMaternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of large-for-gestational-age births and childhood obesity. However, evidence on its potential associations with long-term offspring body composition remains limited. This prospective cohort study examined associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy and body composition in the young adult offspring.MethodsParticipants were the offspring from a birth cohort in Chiang Mai (Thailand). Maternal BMI was assessed at the first antenatal clinic visit (≤24 weeks of gestation) in 1989–1990. In 2010–2011, we followed up the offspring at approximately 20 years of age, assessing their body composition using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Associations between maternal BMI and offspring body composition were explored using unadjusted and adjusted analyses.ResultsWe assessed 391 young adults (55% were females). Higher maternal BMI was associated with increased offspring fat mass and lean mass. In adjusted analyses, offspring of mothers with overweight/obesity exhibited total body fat percentages 1.5 (95% CI 0.1, 2.9; p = 0.032) and 2.3 (95% CI 0.2, 4.5; p = 0.036) percentage points higher than offspring of normal-weight and underweight mothers, respectively. Fat mass index was similarly higher: 0.9 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.3, 1.5 kg/m2; p = 0.002) and 1.4 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.5, 2.3 kg/m2; p = 0.002), respectively. However, no differences in visceral adiposity were detected.ConclusionHigher maternal BMI during pregnancy was associated with increased adiposity in young adult offspring. Our findings suggest that the cross-generational transmission of maternal obesity-related traits is associated with increased offspring adiposity in the long term.

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Reference Values for DXA-Derived Visceral Adipose Tissue in Adults 40 Years and Older from a European Population: The Tromsø Study 2015–2016

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Standardization of dual‐energy x‐ray visceral adipose tissue measures for comparison across clinical imaging systems

Standardization of dual‐energy x‐ray visceral adipose tissue measures for comparison across clinical imaging systems

Association between android fat mass, gynoid fat mass and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in adults: NHANES 2003–2007

Associations between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and body composition in young adult offspring

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