Referencing techniques for high-speed confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) based on analog mean-delay (AMD) method

Kim, Byungyeon; Lee, Minsuk; Park, Byung‐Jun; Lee, Seungrag; Won, Young Ho

doi:10.1117/12.2253440

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Summary of the performance of di®erent algorithms with fast calculation speed. [135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154] Algorithms Notes: Ã single exponential decay, ÃÃ bi-exponential decay. 158 on the photon rate which can safely be obtained from the sample, on the e±ciency at which the technique obtains°uorescence lifetimes or decay curves from these photons, on the number of pixels of the image, on the demands for the lifetime accuracy, for the time resolution, and for the image quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast fluorescence lifetime imaging techniques: A review on challenge and development

Liu

Lin

Becker

et al. 2019

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is increasingly used in biomedicine, material science, chemistry, and other related research fields, because of its advantages of high specificity and sensitivity in monitoring cellular microenvironments, studying interaction between proteins, metabolic state, screening drugs and analyzing their efficacy, characterizing novel materials, and diagnosing early cancers. Understandably, there is a large interest in obtaining FLIM data within an acquisition time as short as possible. Consequently, there is currently a technology that advances towards faster and faster FLIM recording. However, the maximum speed of a recording technique is only part of the problem. The acquisition time of a FLIM image is a complex function of many factors. These include the photon rate that can be obtained from the sample, the amount of information a technique extracts from the decay functions, the efficiency at which it determines fluorescence decay parameters from the recorded photons, the demands for the accuracy of these parameters, the number of pixels, and the lateral and axial resolutions that are obtained in biological materials. Starting from a discussion of the parameters which determine the acquisition time, this review will describe existing and emerging FLIM techniques and data analysis algorithms, and analyze their performance and recording speed in biological and biomedical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to M1, also higher moments are determined and used in the calculation. The procedure is described by Isenberg et al 139 The analog mean delay (AMD) method introduced by Won 123,143 directly delivers moments of the°uorescence decay functions. The results are therefore equivalent to the M1 calculation of TCSPC data.…”

Section: First-moment Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%