Reflective Array Solar Water Heater for Milk Pasteurization

Abstract

The solar water heater is a method of utilizing solar thermal energy by storing heat energy in water which can be used directly. Solar thermal energy has a high utility potential. It has a power of 1 kW/m2 on average on the surface of the earth with energy up to 7 kWh/m2/day on average per year. One of the uses of the solar water heater is that it can be implemented in the milk pasteurization system. The research equipment consists of an accumulator vessel with an area of 2x2 m2 and a water pipe collector. The water that had been heated in an accumulator (thermos) was used directly as the heating source in the milk pasteurization process. Meanwhile, the most common heating method used in the pasteurization process is electricity and gas energy. The result showed that using 82oC of accumulator water, it took 12 minutes (14.48–15.00) to reach the milk temperature needed in the pasteurization process which is 70oC for 6.75 litres of milk. The efficiency of solar heat energy absorption by an accumulator is 47%. This value can be increased by increasing the volume of water.

Sosialisasi Implementasi Energi Terbarukan Pada Kelompok Tani Desa Jabalsari, Kabupaten Tulungagung

“…Dari permasalahan yang ada, maka pada kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bekerja sama dengan kelompok tani di desa Jabalsari melakukan sosialisasi terkait dengan implementasi energi terbarukan pada pertanian. Implementasi energi terbarukan di desa Jabalsari dirasa efektif karena intensitas matahari cukup tinggi pada wilayah tersebut (Setiawan, et al, 2020 ;Wakidah, et al, 2022). Selain energi matahari, pada area persawahan di Desa Jabalsari terdapat beberapa aliran irigasi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai energi pemutar kincir air.…”

Solar Hybrid Hatching Machine Applying a Thermal Accumulator with a Reflective Array Method

“…This massive exploitation leads to the world's energy shortage and a threat to the environment (Ramli, 2015). The world's fossil reserves are decreasing (Syah, 2012;Setiawan, 2020); thus, renewable energy is one solution to overcome that problem. The utilization of free and long-lasting solar thermal energy is considered promising in providing electrical energy (Syah, 2012;.…”

“…Solar cells are only capable of maximum converting 20 % of solar energy (French, 1997). With this technology, the stored heat energy can be utilized as a dry heat accumulator system with a 60-70 % efficiency and a water accumulator with a 47% efficiency (Bhowmik, 2017;Setiawan, 2020). Solar thermal energy storage is effectively used in Indonesia and other high-intensity countries to reduce fossil energy exploitation, which is related to Indonesia's geographical position in equatorial coordinates with high solar energy, an average of 5 kWh/m 2 /day per year (Republika, 2014).…”