Refractive error change and its association with ocular and general parameters in junior high school students in Taiwan

Liao, Chia-Chin; Chen, Li‐Ju; Yu, Jy-Haw; Lin, Jen-Chieh

doi:10.1007/s10384-014-0328-2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Axial length is highly correlated with SER and is associated with myopia progression [42,43]. Therefore, outdoor light exposure programs can not only significantly reduce myopia incidence but also slow myopic shift.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose–Response Relationship of Outdoor Exposure and Myopia Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Various Research Methods

Ho¹,

Liou³

2019

IJERPH

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Myopia in children has dramatically increased worldwide. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of outdoor light exposure on myopia. According to research data from 13 studies of 15,081 children aged 4–14 at baseline, outdoor light exposure significantly reduced myopia incidence/prevalence (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–0.91, p < 0.00001; I2 = 90%), spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) by 0.15 D/year (0.09–0.27, p < 0.0001), and axial elongation by 0.08 mm/year (−0.14 to −0.02, p = 0.02). The benefits of outdoor light exposure intervention, according to pooled overall results, included decreases in three myopia indicators: 50% in myopia incidence, 32.9% in SER, and 24.9% in axial elongation for individuals in Asia. Daily outdoor light exposure of more than 120 min was the most effective intervention, and weekly intervention time exhibited a dose–response relationship with all three indicators. Subgroup comparisons revealed that interventional studies report greater benefits from outdoor light exposure compared with cohort and cross-sectional studies, and individuals with myopia in intervention studies experienced slightly greater benefits than individuals without, in terms of SER and axial elongation. Therefore, this study suggests 120 min/day of outdoor light exposure at school.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose–Response Relationship of Outdoor Exposure and Myopia Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Various Research Methods

Ho¹,

Liou³

2019

IJERPH

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“…Compared with other ocular components such as the cornea, crystalline lens and vitreous body, axial length is regarded as the primary determinant of refractive error. According to a multiple linear regression analysis refractive error was associated with axial length more than any other parameter [ 34 ]. The correlation between change in axial length and progression of myopia, documented in randomized clinical trials, is also quite high, ranging between 0.77 and 0.89 [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of outdoor activity on myopia onset and progression in school-aged children in northeast china: the sujiatun eye care study

et al. 2015

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BackgroundDue to its high prevalence and associated sight-threatening pathologies, myopia has emerged as a major health issue in East Asia. The purpose was to test the impact on myopia development of a school-based intervention program aimed at increasing the time student spent outdoors.MethodsA total of 3051 students of two primary (grades 1-5, aged 6-11) and two junior high schools (grades 7-8, aged 12-14) in both urban and rural Northeast China were enrolled. The intervention group (n = 1735) unlike the control group (n = 1316) was allowed two additional 20-min recess programs outside the classroom. A detailed questionnaire was administered to parents and children. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was measured using an E Standard Logarithm Vision Acuity Chart (GB11533-2011) at baseline, 6-month and 1-year intervals. A random subsample (n = 391) participated in the clinic visits and underwent cycloplegia at the beginning and after 1 year.ResultsThe mean UCVA for the entire intervention group was significantly better than the entire control group after 1 year (P < 0.001). In the subgroup study, new onset of myopia and changes in refractive error towards myopia were direction during the study period was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (3.70 % vs. 8.50 %, P = 0.048; -0.10 ± 0.65 D/year vs. -0.27 ± 0.52 D/year, P = 0.005). Changes in axial length and IOP were also significantly lower following the intervention group (0.16 ± 0.30 mm/year vs. 0.21 ± 0.21 mm/year, P = 0.034; -0.05 ± 2.78 mmHg/year vs. 0.67 ± 2.21 mmHg/year, P = 0.006).ConclusionsIncreasing outdoor activities prevented myopia onset and development, as well as axial growth and elevated IOP in children.Trial registrationCurrent controlled trials NCT02271373.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12886-015-0052-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Update on Interventions to Slow Myopia Progression

Sankaridurg

2022

Pediatric Ophthalmology

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Refractive error change and its association with ocular and general parameters in junior high school students in Taiwan

Abstract: Students with a longer axial length, steeper corneal radius, and shallower anterior chamber depth had an increased risk of myopic refractive errors.

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Dose–Response Relationship of Outdoor Exposure and Myopia Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Various Research Methods

Dose–Response Relationship of Outdoor Exposure and Myopia Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Various Research Methods

Effect of outdoor activity on myopia onset and progression in school-aged children in northeast china: the sujiatun eye care study

Update on Interventions to Slow Myopia Progression

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