Refractive errors in Cameroonians diagnosed with complete oculocutaneous albinism

Eballe, André Omgbwa; Mvogo, Côme Ebana; Noche, Christelle Domngang; Zoua, Marie Evodie Akono; Dohvoma, Andin Viola

doi:10.2147/opth.s38194

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As a result, they are caught in a vicious circle of the poor development and social ostracism. In the current study, that all the eyes had visual impairment with the majority (38%) of them having moderate VI can be explained in part by higher refractive error that was amblyogenic and in part by other factors, such as hypoplastic foveae, squint, nystagmus, and photophobia; this is consistent with the results by Eballé et al 12 who reported that the majority (70%) of the eyes had moderate visual impairment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…2 Mvogo et al, in their study, reported the prevalence of 61.9% and Eballe et al observed that of 40% establishing myopic astigmatism to be the most common refractive error in albinos. 12 , 19 This study also found the similar result in which 34% of the cases had myopic astigmatism making it the most prevalent refractive error in patients with OCA. On the contrary, other studies reported hypermetropia to be the most common refractive error.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“… 20 In strong agreement with our study which obtained larger amounts of astigmatism, especially a with-the-rule type, the studies also maintain strong associations of albinism with with-the-rule astigmatism. 2 , 12 , 15 Refractive astigmatism thus seen is largely corneal in origin, in that the cornea is steeper along the vertical meridian compared to the horizontal meridian. The preferential curvature change along the vertical meridian is possibly due to the pressure exerted by the upper lid on the moving cornea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual deficits in Nepalese patients with oculocutaneous albinism

Khanal

Pokharel

Kandel³

2016

Journal of Optometry

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BackgroundAlbinism poses a significant threat to visual functions and causes remarkable ocular morbidity often resulting in visual disabilities. The study aimed at describing the visual status in patients with diagnosed cases of complete oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) attending to a tertiary eye hospital in Nepal.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional descriptive hospital-based study of all diagnosed oculocutaneous albinotic cases (16 males and 9 females; mean age of 16 years) who visited the Department of Ophthalmology at the Institute of Medicine, for ocular consultation between September 1, 2011 and December 1, 2013.ResultsTwenty-five cases (50 eyes) with OCA were enrolled in the study. All the participants had maximally reduced visual acuity (mean: 1.24 ± 0.50 logMAR). Myopic astigmatism was the most common refractive error (n = 17; 34%). 58% of all participants had with-the-rule astigmatism.Considering the spherical equivalent power, most of the eyes (n = 30; 60%) had myopia, with overall mean SE refractive error of −1.59 ± 5.39 D. Visual acuity improved significantly with refractive correction in place (paired sample t-test, p < 0.05). Horizontal pendular nystagmus was the most common nystagmus (n = 34 eyes; 68%). Alternating esotropia and alternating exotropia each were observed in 16% of participants who had strabismus (40% of all cases). The diaphanous iris, foveal hypoplasia and poliosis were the most consistent clinical features.ConclusionPatients with OCA present with a broad spectrum of visual deficits that impair the visual functions. Significant improvement in visual acuity following optical correction serves as an impetus to the reduction of visual disabilities in individuals with albinism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual deficits in Nepalese patients with oculocutaneous albinism

Khanal

Pokharel

Kandel³

2016

Journal of Optometry

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“…In another study of 50 eyes of 25 patients with oculocutaneous albinism, distance visual acuity was found to be 1.24 ± 0.50 log MAR 9 . Eballe AO et al reported moderate visual impairment (0.48 < VA ≤ 1.00 log MAR) in 70% of patients 11 . Twenty five patients of albinism were reported in another study with 7 ocular albinism and 18 oculocutaneous albinism, the mean visual acuity was 0.9 log MAR 12 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Refraction and Low Vision Rehabilitation in Patients with Oculocutaneous Albinism

Altınbay¹

2020

pak J Ophthalmol

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Purpose: To evaluate the types of refractive errors and compliance of patients of Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA) to low vision aids. Study Design: Descriptive observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Provincial Directorate of Health, Adana City Education and Research Hospital, from 2010 to 2018. Material and Methods: Seven hundred and fifteen patients attended the hospital between 2010 and 2018 with the complaint of low vision and 31 patients with OCA were included in this study by convenient sampling. Best corrected distance and near visual acuity (VA) was measured along with the complete ocular examination. Patients were classified according to low vision and refraction degrees. High degree near eyeglasses, Galilean and Keplerian telescopes, magnifiers and special filter glasses were used as low vision aids (LVA). Results: Mean age was 16.45 ± 12.72 years. On admission, mean distance VA was 0.12 ± 0.07 [mean log MAR 0.9], near VA was 1.48M ± 0.74M, astigmatism was 4.02 ± 1.45 diopters (D), and spherical equivalents were 1.54 ± 4.96 D. Hypermetropia was seen more frequently than myopia. Twenty-seven (87%) patients were prescribed telescopes for distance. Near visual acuity increased from 1.4M ± 0.7M to 0.9M ± 0.4M after rehabilitation. There was an increase in distance visual acuity in all patients (p < 0.001). Seventeen (63%) patients bought the telescope, and 15 (55%) patients used the device. The most preferred special filter glasses were 450nm (39%) and 540 nm (25%). Conclusion: Astigmatism in oculocutaneous albinism was with the rule and the most commonly detected refractive error was hypermetropia. Patients are non-compliant in buying telescopes in which case tablet and computers with special applications for low vision can be better options.

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“…Our observations in this study is similar to the results reported by Udeh., et al and Ajose., et al in other parts of Nigeria [11,13]. Other developing countries with similar socioeconomic status such as Nepal, Cameroun and Malawi also had similar findings [17][18][19]. It has been postulated that the subnormal presenting visual acuity may be due to delayed visual maturation, foveal hypoplasia, nystagmus, strabismus and iris trans-illumination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%