Refractory nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas

Kolitz, Tamara; Greenman, Yona

doi:10.1007/s11102-023-01298-4

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…46 However, TMZ also has some side effects including fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort nausea/ vomiting, and constipation. 47 Given the pathological heterogeneity of clinically refractory NFPA, 48 the development of therapeutic agents remains a challenge.…”

Section: (Nadph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor–Acceptor–Donor Strategy Rouses the Photodynamic Therapy Anticancer Activity of a Bis-terpyridyl Ru(II) Complex

Wang,

Wei,

Lin

et al. 2024

J. Med. Chem.

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Photodynamic therapy has been regarded as a noninvasive treatment for cancer with spatiotemporal control over drug activation. Bis-terpyridyl Ru(II) complexes exhibit a promising achiral structure but suffer from low photoreactivity due to deviation from the ideal octahedral geometry. Herein, we introduce the donor−acceptor−donor motif to construct a dinuclear bis-terpyridyl Ru(II) complex (Ru2). Ru2 exhibits superior light absorption properties compared with mononuclear complex Ru1. Importantly, upon 595 nm light excitation, Ru2 shows promising synergetic type I/II photosensitization and photocatalytic activity, while Ru1 is inactive. Anticancer mechanistic studies reflect that Ru2 induces intracellular redox imbalance and affects the biosynthetic and metabolic processes, leading to cell apoptosis. Overall, this work provides a simple strategy to rouse the PDT efficiency of bis-terpyridyl Ru(II) complexes.

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Section: (Nadph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor–Acceptor–Donor Strategy Rouses the Photodynamic Therapy Anticancer Activity of a Bis-terpyridyl Ru(II) Complex

Wang,

Wei,

Lin

et al. 2024

J. Med. Chem.

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“…The possibility of re-irradiating the tumor should also be considered. Regarding medical treatment, chemotherapy, endocrine and non-endocrine targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) should be considered [ 2 , 4 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggressive and Metastatic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Therapeutic Management and Off-Label Drug Use

Iglesias

2023

JCM

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Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are the most common pituitary tumors and the second most common brain tumors. Although the vast majority (>90%) are benign, a small percentage (<2%) are aggressive. These aggressive PitNETs (AgPitNETs) are defined by the presence of radiological invasion, a high rate of cell proliferation, resistance to conventional treatments, and/or a high propensity for recurrence. Lastly, there are the rare pituitary carcinomas, also known as metastatic PitNETs (MetPitNETs), which account for only 0.2% of cases and are defined by the presence of craniospinal or distant metastases. At present, there are no definitive factors that allow us to predict with certainty the aggressive behavior of PitNETs, making the therapeutic management of AgPitNETs a real challenge. Surgery is considered the first-line treatment for AgPitNETs and MetPitNETs. Radiation therapy can be effective in controlling tumor growth and regulating hormone hypersecretion. Currently, there are no approved non-endocrine medical therapies for the management of AgPitNETs/MetPitNETs, mainly due to the lack of randomized controlled clinical trials. As a result, many of the medical therapies used are off-label drugs, and several are under investigation. Temozolomide (TMZ) is now recognized as the primary medical treatment following the failure of standard therapy (medical treatment, surgery, and radiotherapy) in AgPitNETs/MetPitNETs due to its ability to improve overall and progression-free survival rates in responding patients over 5 years. Other therapeutic options include pituitary-targeted therapies (dopamine agonists and somatostatin analogs), hormonal antisecretory drugs, non-hormonal targeted therapies, radionuclide treatments, and immunotherapy. However, the number of patients who have undergone these treatments is limited, and the results obtained to date have been inconsistent. As a result, it is imperative to expand the cohort of patients undergoing treatment to better determine the therapeutic efficacy and safety of these drugs for individuals with AgPitNETs/MetPitNETs.

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“…Among these, clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are one of the most prevalent forms.NFPAs account for approximately one-third of all pituitary adenomas 2 .Patients with NFPAs commonly present with anterior pituitary hormonal de ciencies, visual impairment, headaches, and infrequently, apoplexy 3 . Pathologically, NFPAs are primarily categorized as null cell adenomas, oncocytomas, gonadotrophic cell adenomas, silent corticotroph adenomas and silent adenomas [4][5][6] . Of these, null cell adenomas, oncocytomas, and gonadotrophic cell adenomas collectively constitute 84.16% of NFPAs 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over-expression of KRT8 is associated with invasion of non-functioning pituitary adenomas

Chen,

Li,

Song

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objectives This study aimed to investigate the correlation between KRT8 and non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). Methods Tumor tissues from fifty NFPAs (comprising twenty-nine cases of invasive NFPAs and twenty-one cases of noninvasive NFPAs) obtained from transsphenoidal surgery were utilized. Gene expression levels and protein expression levels were assessed using qRT-PCR and western blot techniques in both invasive and non-invasive NFPAs tumor tissue samples. The level of KRT8 was downregulated in the pituitary adenoma cell line GH3 to examine the invasive effect of KRT8 on GH3 cells using RNA interference. Results Both gene and protein expression levels of KRT8 were significantly higher in invasive NFPAs compared to non-invasive NFPAs. In vitro experiments demonstrated a noticeable decrease in cell invasion ability after silencing KRT8. Conclusion KRT8 may serve as a crucial biomarker for invasiveness in NFPAs, offering promising guidance for therapeutic decision-making.

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Refractory nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Donor–Acceptor–Donor Strategy Rouses the Photodynamic Therapy Anticancer Activity of a Bis-terpyridyl Ru(II) Complex

Donor–Acceptor–Donor Strategy Rouses the Photodynamic Therapy Anticancer Activity of a Bis-terpyridyl Ru(II) Complex

Aggressive and Metastatic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Therapeutic Management and Off-Label Drug Use

Over-expression of KRT8 is associated with invasion of non-functioning pituitary adenomas

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