Régénération artificielle des pessières noires à éricacées : effets du scarifiage, de la fertilisation et du type de plants après 10 ans

Thiffault, Nelson; Cyr, Guillaume; Prégent, Guy; Jobidon, Robert; Charette, L. A.

doi:10.5558/tfc80141-1

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, it should be noted that this was a 2-year study and that short-term impacts of site preparation treatments are not always indicative of future trends (Munson et al 1993). Site preparation effects are dynamic and may involve the progressive emergence of competing vegetation or changes in soil nutrient availability through time (Munson et al 1993;Thiffault et al 2004).…”

Section: Effects Of Site Preparation and Planting Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early performance of planted hybrid larch: effects of mechanical site preparation and planting depth

et al. 2014

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Some site preparation is generally recommended to enhance the growth and survival of planted and naturally regenerated seedlings, but must be justified both economically and environmentally. More severe preparation is thought to be necessary for intensive plantation silviculture, e.g., using fast-growing, ameliorated stocks, especially in boreal ecosystems. Although not justified scientifically, deep-planting of seedlings is often 2 discouraged and may even be financially penalized in eastern Canada. We thus evaluated early seedling growth and survival of hybrid larch (Larix x marschlinsii Coaz) in an experiment including mechanical site preparation and planting depth treatments. Our results suggest that satisfactory early hybrid larch establishment and growth could be met using low environmental impact or low cost treatments (such as soil inversion using an excavator or single-pass disk trenching), and that depth of planting has no negative effect.Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to explore causal relationships between factors influencing seedling performance at the local scale (planting microsites), including soil moisture, soil temperature, surrounding vegetation, and seedling nutrition.SEM analysis supported the absence of overall differences among treatments, while also highlighting the negative impact of increased soil water content where drainage was suboptimal, as well as the unexpected positive impact of increased competition on growth mostly through seedling nutrition, among others. These early observations will need to be confirmed over a longer period, as well as with a more comprehensive assessment of site environmental conditions and competition intensity.

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Section: Effects Of Site Preparation and Planting Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early performance of planted hybrid larch: effects of mechanical site preparation and planting depth

et al. 2014

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“…Its popularity continued to increase up until the end of the 1980s, when up to 18 million plants per year were being planted in Quebec, almost two thirds of which were in private forests. Norway spruce, one of the most productive coniferous plantation trees, can yield 6.5 m 3 ha -1 yr -1 on medium-quality sites (Thiffault et al 2003) and even surpass 10 m 3 ha -1 yr -1 on the most fertile sites, depending on certain management scenarios (Prégent 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) on Norway spruce plantations (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Part 1: Productivity and lumber quality

Daoust¹,

Mottet²

2006

The Forestry Chronicle

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A study to assess the effects that major deformations in merchantable stems of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), caused by the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi [Peck]), have on lumber productivity and quality was performed on logs obtained from a second commercial thinning operation in three weevil-affected plantations. Deformed stems were found to be 6.3% shorter than non-deformed stems and their lumber characteristics, i.e., merchantable volume, number of board feet and lumber monetary value, were 14.7%, 20.6% and 23.7% lower, respectively. However, when the respective proportions of deformed and non-deformed stems were analyzed for a given plantation over the time horizon of a complete rotation, these shortfalls almost disappeared, with a loss of less than 3% being noted for total merchantable volume. The presence/absence of major deformations had no effect on visual grading of the lumber, which takes defects such as wane, knots and compression wood into account. For two of the three sites studied, almost 75% of the lumber was graded as Select Structural, No. 1 or No. 2. The plantation site and its characteristics (spacing and level of thinning) were found to have a more significant effect than deformations on productivity, lumber quality and monetary value. Furthermore, using the same methodology, one of the Norway spruce sites was compared with a white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) plantation containing trees of similar quality and height, but with no weevil problems. The Norway spruce stems, including those with deformations, were found to yield higher merchantable and usable log volumes, a larger number of board feet and a higher monetary value than white spruce. On average, for the diameter at breast height values tested -14 to 23 cm -the monetary value of the lumber was 26% higher for Norway spruce. These findings are largely attributable to the less pronounced taper of Norway spruce. In conclusion, in spite of weevil attacks and their negative impact, Norway spruce trees growing on sites of moderate to very good quality maintain lumber potential, in terms of both quantity and quality, for second thinning logs. The negative impact should gradually decrease at the time of next thinnings and final harvest. ] Karst.) sur la productivité et la qualité des sciages a été évalué à partir de billes récoltées lors de secondes éclaircies commerciales dans trois plantations affectées par l'insecte. Comparativement aux tiges non déformées, les résultats ont démontré que les tiges déformées étaient moins hautes de 6,3 % et avaient un volume marchand, un nombre de pmp et une valeur monétaire des sciages inférieurs de 14,7, 20,6 et de 23,7 %, respectivement. Toutefois, ces pertes deviennent presque négligeables et inférieures à 3 % au niveau de la production en volume marchand total de la plantation puisque les tiges déformées représentent une partie seulement de l'ensemble des tiges présentes ainsi qu'une faible proportion du volume total récolté sur un horizon correspondant à une rotation comp...

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“…est actuellement l'épinette la plus productive en plantation au Québec, Canada (Thiffault et al 2003). Sur les meilleures stations du Québec méridional, son accroissement annuel moyen peut atteindre près de 10 m 3 ha -1 an -1 à 35 ans (Bolghari et Bertrand 1984).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Impact du charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobiPeck) dans les plantations dépinette de Norvège (Picea abies(L.) Karst.). Partie 2 : Propriétés du bois des sciages

Mottet¹,

Daoust²,

Zhang³

2006

The Forestry Chronicle

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RÉSUMÉNous avons mesuré les caractéristiques du bois des sciages de 148 arbres prélevés lors des éclaircies commerciales pratiquées dans trois plantations d'épinette de Norvège (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) âgées de 32 à 34 ans. Ces plantations avaient subi des attaques de charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobi [Peck]) pendant plusieurs années. Les arbres dont le diamètre à hauteur de poitrine (dhp) s'étend de 14 à 23 cm ont été échantillonnés dans trois classes de qualité selon le nombre de déformations majeures observées sur les tiges. Les effets des déformations sur la rigidité, la résistance en flexion, la densité du bois et les défauts des sciages ont été examinés. Les résultats démontrent que les propriétés du bois des sciages de l'épinette de Norvège ne diffèrent généralement pas entre les tiges déformées et les tiges non déformées sur les stations de qualité moyenne à très bonne. Pour les trois plantations d'épinette de Norvège, les valeurs moyennes du module d'élasticité (MOE) des sciages variaient de 8510 à 9357 MPa et celles du module de rupture (MOR) de 36,0 à 42,5 MPa tandis que la densité du bois couvrait la plage s'étendant de 324 à 343 kg·m -3 . Pour des fins de comparaison, les mêmes mesures ont été prises sur des sciages extraits de 38 arbres provenant d'une plantation d'épinette blanche (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) non affectée par le charançon mais comparable à celle de l'épinette de Norvège sur un des sites étudiés. Les propriétés du bois des sciages de l'épinette de Norvège extraits des tiges déformées ou non sont supérieures à celles de l'épinette blanche de 34 % pour le MOE, de 20 % pour le MOR et de 8 % pour la densité du bois. Les noeuds plus petits de l'épinette de Norvège pourraient expliquer cette différence. D'autre part, pour ce type de bois, le classement visuel reflète peu les différences de résistance en flexion et de rigidité des sciages. Mots-clés : épinette de Norvège, Picea abies, propriétés du bois, MOE, MOR, densité du bois, sciages, charançon du pin blanc, Pissodes strobi, épinette blanche, Picea glauca ABSTRACTWe studied the lumber characteristics of 148 trees taken for that purpose during commercial thinning operations in three Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) plantations, aged from 32 to 34 years, which had been attacked by the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi [Peck]). The trees, with diameters ranging from 14 to 23 cm, were grouped into three quality classes according to the number of major deformations caused by the weevil. The effects of the deformations on rigidity, bending strength, wood density and lumber defects were examined. Results show that in general the deformations caused by the weevil do not affect the lumber properties of Norway spruce on sites of medium-to high-quality. For the three Norway spruce plantations, the mean values of the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the lumber vary from 8510 to 9357 MPa, and for the modulus of rupture (MOR) range from 36.0 to 42.5 MPa, whereas wood density varies from 324 to 343 kg·m -3 . For comparison purposes, th...

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Régénération artificielle des pessières noires à éricacées : effets du scarifiage, de la fertilisation et du type de plants après 10 ans

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Early performance of planted hybrid larch: effects of mechanical site preparation and planting depth

Early performance of planted hybrid larch: effects of mechanical site preparation and planting depth

Impact of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) on Norway spruce plantations (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Part 1: Productivity and lumber quality

Impact du charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobiPeck) dans les plantations dépinette de Norvège (Picea abies(L.) Karst.). Partie 2 : Propriétés du bois des sciages

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Régénération artificielle des pessières noires à éricacées : effets du scarifiage, de la fertilisation et du type de plants après 10 ans

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Early performance of planted hybrid larch: effects of mechanical site preparation and planting depth

Early performance of planted hybrid larch: effects of mechanical site preparation and planting depth

Impact of the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck) on Norway spruce plantations (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Part 1: Productivity and lumber quality

Impact du charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobiPeck) dans les plantations dépinette de Norvège (Picea abies(L.) Karst.). Partie 2 : Propriétés du bois des sciages

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Impact du charançon du pin blanc (Pissodes strobiPeck) dans les plantations dépinette de Norvège (Picea abies(L.) Karst.). Partie 2 : Propriétés du bois des sciages