Regenerative macroporous polyzwitterionic gels for brackish/sea water desalination

Bairagi, Ujjawal; Jacob, Josemon

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2022.115801

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…NIH/3T3 (fibroblast) cell line was procured from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India. Monomer N -(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the same procedure as in our previous report. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Bairagi

Rainu

Singh

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Despite the reported evidence of deleterious effects of metabolic acidosis (MA), the development of advanced treatment options for this critical condition has not been explored much. Based on fundamental research and clinical trials, correcting MA with bicarbonate anions has a vast array of potential benefits. To achieve this objective, herein, we report on cytocompatible, charged polyzwitterionic nanogels (PZNGs) that can efficiently fix and release bicarbonate anions by a controlled and sustained mechanism. Three different PZNGs were synthesized using free radical polymerization with Pluronic F-127 as a non-ionic surfactant. From dynamic light scattering analysis, the hydrodynamic sizes (D h) were found to be 68 ± 6, 120 ± 3, and 97 ± 9 nm for PZNG-1, PZNG-2, and PZNG-3, respectively. The fixation of HCO3 – on PZNGs was done either by direct reaction with NaHCO3 or by CO2 gas bubbling into a dispersion of PZNGs, and the maximum loading efficiency was found to be ∼87–95%. Accelerated stability studies showed good stability for 30 days at 25 and 2–8 °C for the nanogels. The cytocompatibility results of the PZNGs from the MTT assay and the live–dead test confirm their non-toxicity, safety, and potential for various biomedical applications. The in vitro drug release profile revealed a sustained and controlled release pattern of HCO3 – with a maximum of ∼90% cumulative release in 168 h. The Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model suggests that the HCO3 – anion release was regulated by diffusion of the anions and swelling of polymeric nanogels. In addition to the fixation and sustained release mechanisms described, the PZNGs reported here act as a simple and efficient carrier to deliver HCO3 – anions for the treatment of MA with reduced complications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monomer N-(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the same procedure as in our previous report. 31,32 Synthesis of Polyzwitterionic Nanogel PZNG-1. Monomer M1 (5 g, 30.82 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (30 mL) in a 100 mL flask, and bromoacetic acid (4.71 g, 33.91 mmol) was added.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Bairagi

Rainu

Singh

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…NIH/3T3 (fibroblast) cell line was obtained from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India. Monomer N -(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the methodology described in our previous studies. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monomer N-(pyridin-4-yl)methacrylamide (M1) was synthesized following the methodology described in our previous studies. 32,33 Synthesis of Polyzwitterionic Nanogels. PZNG1, PZNG2, and PZNG3 were synthesized, optimized, and characterized according to the methods described in our earlier study.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H₂S

Bairagi,

Rainu,

Singh

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Nanomaterials capable of the controlled and sustained release of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have broad therapeutic implications. In this research work, we report on polyzwitterionic nanogels (PZNGs) that easily form nitrite and hydrosulfide salts, which act as precursor materials to fix and release these gaseous molecules in a controlled and sustained approach. Nanogels containing NO2 – and HS– ions as counteranions were synthesized from three different PZNGs by their direct reaction with aqueous NaNO2 and NaSH. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) data and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the nanogels indicate that every sample possesses a uniform, spherical structure with excellent dispersion. Based on the stability studies conducted, it has been determined that the optimal storage conditions for these nanogels are within the temperature range of 2–25 °C. These nanogels were found to be cytocompatible, suggesting the potential use of these nanogels in biomedical applications. For conversion of NO2 – to NO and its release from nanogels, CuSO4, CoSO4, FeSO4, CuCl, citric acid (CA), ascorbic acid (AA), and a combination of CA and AA were utilized. H2S release from the nanogels was studied with HCl, CA, and AA. The in vitro release profile exhibited a consistent and regulated pattern of NO and H2S release, demonstrating a cumulative release of approximately 94–96% within a duration of 96 h. Antimicrobial studies were performed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains to establish their suitability as potential antibacterial agents. The encouraging findings demonstrate that the nanogels with the antibacterial properties described here serve as effective carriers to deliver NO and H2S.

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“…and as a cooling medium in the power generation sector. Seawater is the most abundant source of water on Earth, presenting an average salinity of 35 ppt, due to the presence of Na, Cl, Mg, and K [6]. Briny water comes from brine pools and overcomes 50 ppt average salinity.…”

Section: Natural Water Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production from low-quality water: challenges and perspectives

Baldinelli¹,

Cinti²,

Barelli³

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The Next Generation EU plan fosters the development of a large capacity for hydrogen generation. However, water and energy resources are strictly connected to an indissoluble nexus. For that, water electrolysis may counteract the coexistence of two primary UNO Sustainable Development Goals humankind must face to achieve a prosperous and equal society, namely SDG 7 (Affordable access to renewable energy sources) and SDG 6 (clean water). To design innovative energy systems implementing hydrogen as an efficient and sustainable vector, water resources need careful management and energy use ought not to compete with freshwater delivery. Therefore, the present study reviews the technologies available for hydrogen production and their fitness to water quality standards. Among the feeding possibilities to be scrutinized, wastewaters and saline waters are worth attention. Each source of water asks for a specific design and management of the water treatment pre-process. Since these steps are energy-demanding, in some applications, the direct use of low-quality water to produce hydrogen may be envisaged. An example is the direct feeding of seawater to Solid Oxide Electrolysers (SOE). SOEs appear more promising than commercial low-temperature electrolysis systems since water steam production integrates the function of preliminary water treatment.

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Regenerative macroporous polyzwitterionic gels for brackish/sea water desalination

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H₂S

Hydrogen production from low-quality water: challenges and perspectives

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Regenerative macroporous polyzwitterionic gels for brackish/sea water desalination

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for Controlled and Sustained Release of Bicarbonate Anions for Treatment of Metabolic Acidosis

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H2S

Hydrogen production from low-quality water: challenges and perspectives

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Product

Resources

About

Polyzwitterionic Nanogels for the Controlled and Sustained Delivery of NO and H₂S