Region specific increase in the antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in the brain of rats exposed to lead

Abstract

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of lead (pb) on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in different regions of rat brain. Wistar male rats were treated with lead acetate (500 ppm) through drinking water for a period of 8 weeks. Control animals were maintained on sodium acetate. Treated and control rats were sacrificed at intervals of 1st, 4th and 8th week and the whole brains were dissected on ice into four regions namely the cerebellum, the hippocampus, the frontal cortex and the brain stem. Antioxidant enzymes namely catalase and superoxide dismutase in all the four regions of brain were determined. In addition, lipid peroxidation products were also estimated. The results indicated a gradual increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in different regions of the brain and this response was time-dependent. However, the increase was more in the cerebellum and the hippocampus compared to other regions of the brain. The lipid peroxidation products also showed a similar trend suggesting increased effect of lead in these two regions of the brain. The data indicated a region-specific oxidative stress in the brain exposed to lead.

Nigella sativa protects against formaldehyde-induced neurotoxicity in the rat frontal cortex

“…In the present study, the levels of NO were significantly lower in the brain tissue of FA-treated rats than in controls. Similarly, Bannet et al [46] found significant reduction in the levels of NO in rats exposed to heavy metals in drinking water for 10 months which caused an increase in ROS.…”

“…Similar findings were observed in rats treated with lead acetate. [45,46] NO is synthesized predominantly in the vascular endothelium. [47] Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is required for the synthesis of NO from L-argi- nine.…”

<i>In Vivo</i> Effects of Naringenin and Lead on Rat Erythrocyte Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme

“…20 Moreover, it is observed that lipid peroxidation products and oxidative stress increased by a considerable amount in the brain tissues of rats administered 500 ppm lead. 12 In addition, researchers have frequently reported the effects of heavy metal ions on different enzymes in previous years and inhibition effect of heavy metals on metabolically imported enzyme such as CA 21 , glucose 6-phopsphate dehydrogenase 22 , cytochrome P450 reductase 23 , glutathione S-transferase 24 have been determined. For example, Ekinci et al 17 and co-workers mentions the inhibition effects of lead, copper, cobalt heavy metals on cytosolic human CA I and II enzyme activities.…”

“…The last dose was administered 12 h before the operation. 7,12 Protein determination Quantitative protein determination was spectrophotometrically measured at 595 nm according to Bradford's method 13 , with bovine serum albumin being used as a standard.…”

Protective effects of folic acid against central nervous system neurotoxicity induced by lead exposure in rat pups

“…In children, the blood-brain barrier is not complete, the central nervous system is relatively fragile, and excretion from the central nervous system is not perfect. All of this makes the child central nervous system highly vulnerable to Pb damage (Bennet et al, 2007;Bokara et al, 2009). If a large amount of Pb is taken by a child, it can cause pathological damage to the brain tissues, such as cell edema, hemorrhage, demyelination, degeneration, and hippocampal formation atrophy, possibly leading to intellectual impairment.…”